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Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Orbital angular momentum transfer in molecular magnets

Mahboubeh Mahdavi, Zahra Amini Sabegh, Hamid Reza Hamedi, Mohammad Mahmoudi

Published Sep 27, 2021• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the propagation of probe pulses carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a crystal of molecular magnets characterized by a double-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ light-matter coupling scheme. The model is based on the four-wave mixing (FWM) of applied fields interacting with the magnetic dipole moment of the molecular magnets. We consider the light-matter interaction under the situation where a weak probe field carries an optical vortex and investigate the exchange of optical vortices between different frequencies via the FWM in the microwave region. The propagation of OAM beams with nonzero radial indices is then explored. It is found that the conservation of both azimuthal and radial indices is satisfied over the swapping of OAM states of light. Superimposing two initially weak OAM modes with different topological charges creates specific vortex beams with a very characteristic form. The resulting beam contains a central vortex as well as several singly charged peripheral vortices distributed at the same radial distance from the center of the light beam. This complex pattern of vortices arises because the intensity radius of two interfering OAM modes is different. It is shown that the boundary region of intensity dominance of two OAM modes can be controlled by the molecular magnets parameters and strong cw electromagnetic fields. Our proposed scheme may provide a route to study the solid systems suitable for quantum technologies as well as for OAM exchange devices for quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.104.094432

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Abstract In this paper, we suggest a theoretical model for the exchange of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of laser fields in a real cold atomic system for realization in an experimental setup. By using four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, we study the spatial dependence of the new weak generated signal light under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions when one of the laser lights becomes an optical vortex. We discuss the spatial dependence of FWM processes via experimental parameters for different conditions of the OAM of vortex light. We have found that the intensity and phase distributions of the new generated light depends strongly on the OAM number of the optical vortex light. Moreover, we investigate the absorption spectrum of the new generated signal light for different OAM of the optical vortex light. Our obtained results may have potential applications in quantum information science.
We propose and analyze an efficient scheme for the coherent transfer of optical vortices in a cold atomic ensemble with four-level double-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. The orbital angular-momentum (OAM) information can be transferred from the incident vortex fields to the generated backward signal field via resonant backward four-wave mixing (FWM). Considering the single vortex probe field initially acting on one transition of the atomic ensemble and using experimentally achievable parameters, we identify the conditions under which the resonant backward FWM allows us to greatly improve the conversion efficiency of optical vortices beyond what is achievable in the resonant forward OAM transfers. It is found that the complete energy conversion of optical vortices originates from the perfect competition between linear absorption and parametric gain. We also demonstrate that the phase mismatching would be detrimental to the high-efficiency transfer of optical vortices. Furthermore, we show that the generated backward signal field develops a new pure or mixing OAM state when the control field is also a vortex beam. Finally, we investigate the composite vortex beam generated by collinear superposition of the incident vortex probe and signal fields, which can controlled via adjusting the intensity of the control field. Our scheme may have potential applications in OAM-based optical communication and optical information processing.
We propose a scheme to exchange optical vortices beyond electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) but based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in a five-level atomic system consisting of two Λ subsystems linked via a weak driving field. When the laser fields are strong enough, the quantum interference responsible for the EIT in each Λ subsystem is washed out, giving rise to the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). When only one of the control fields carries an optical vortex, it is shown that the generated FWM field obtains the vorticity of the vortex control. We distinguish between three different regimes, i.e., a pure EIT, a joint EIT-ATS, and a dual-ATS, where the optical angular momentum (OAM) translation can take place. Elaborating on the distinction between three regimes through numerical analysis, we find that the maximum energy conversion efficiency is obtained in the joint EIT-ATS and dual-ATS regimes. The latter is more favorable as the absorption losses vanish as the beam propagates into the atomic cloud. The results may find applications in the implementation of high-efficient frequency and OAM conversion devices for quantum information processing.