We find a new class of time-dependent partial waves which are solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We also show the decomposition of coherent states of harmonic oscillator into these partial waves. This decomposition appears to be particularly convenient for a description of the dynamics of a wavepacket representing a particle with spin when the spin - orbit interaction is present in the Hamiltonian. An example of an evolution of a localized wavepacket into a torus and backwards, for particular initial conditions is analysed in analytical terms and shown with computer graphics.
We find a new class of time-dependent partial waves which are solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We also show the decomposition of coherent states of harmonic oscillator into these partial waves. This decomposition appears to be particularly convenient for a description of the dynamics of a wavepacket representing a particle with spin when the spin - orbit interaction is present in the Hamiltonian. An example of an evolution of a localized wavepacket into a torus and backwards, for particular initial conditions is analysed in analytical terms and shown with computer graphics.
We have found a new class of time dependent partial waves which are solutions of time dependent Schrödinger equation for three dimensional harmonic oscillator. We also showed the decomposition of coherent states of harmonic oscillator into these partial waves. This decomposition appears perticularly convenient for a description of the dynamics of a wave packet representing a particle with spin when the spin--orbit interaction is present in the hamiltonian. An example of an evolution of a localized wave packet into a torus and backwards, for a particular initial conditions is analysed in analytical terms and shown with a computer graphics.
We show that one can obtain analytic solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation that are more complex than the well-known oscillating coherent wave packet. Such Hermite-Gaussian or initially square wave packets exist for a free particle or for one subject to the harmonic oscillator potential. In either case, the Hermite-Gaussian packets retain their nodal structure even after long times. There is a single class of exact solutions for the system with oscillator constant K > 0, K = 0, or K < 0, leading to wave functions for the harmonic oscillator, the free particle, and the inverted oscillator, respectively.
Solutions of the Schrödinger equation with an exact time dependence are derived as eigenfunctions of dynamical invariants which are constructed from time-independent operators using time-dependent unitary transformations. Exact solutions and a closed form expression for the corresponding time evolution operator are found for a wide range of time-dependent Hamiltonians in d dimensions, including non-Hermitean -symmetric Hamiltonians. Hamiltonians are constructed using time-dependent unitary spatial transformations comprising dilatations, translations and rotations and solutions are found in several forms: as eigenfunctions of a quadratic invariant, as coherent state eigenfunctions of boson operators, as plane wave solutions from which the general solution is obtained as an integral transform by means of the Fourier transform, and as distributional solutions for which the initial wavefunction is the Dirac δ-function. For the isotropic harmonic oscillator in d dimensions radial solutions are found which extend known results for d = 1, including Barut–Girardello and Perelomov coherent states (i.e., vector coherent states), which are shown to be related to eigenfunctions of the quadratic invariant by the ζ-transformation. This transformation, which leaves the Ermakov equation invariant, implements SU(1, 1) transformations on linear dynamical invariants. coherent states are derived also for the time-dependent linear potential. Exact solutions are found for Hamiltonians with electromagnetic interactions in which the time-dependent magnetic and electric fields are not necessarily spatially uniform. As an example, it is shown how to find exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the Dirac magnetic monopole in the presence of time-dependent magnetic and electric fields of a specified form.
In this paper, the analytic solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is obtained for the wave packet in two-dimensional oscillator potential. The quantum dynamics of the wave packet is investigated based on this analytic solution. To our knowledge, this is the first time we solve, analytically and exactly this kind of time-dependent Schrödinger equation in a two-dimensional system, in which the Gaussian parameters satisfy the coupled nonlinear differential equations. The coherent states and their rotations of the system are discussed in detail. We find also that this analytic solution includes four kinds of modes of the evolutions for the wave packets: rigid, rotational, vibrational states and a combination of the rotation and vibration without spreading.
Time evolution of quantum systems is normally taught using the Schrödinger equation. Here, we use the Heisenberg approach to consider three problems that are exactly solvable in the Schrödinger picture when the initial wavepacket is Gaussian: the free particle, the simple harmonic oscillator and a free particle with a spin-orbit interaction. We show that complete solutions can be obtained for the free particle (with or without spin-orbit interaction). For the simple harmonic oscillator, however, the fact that the wavepacket remains a Gaussian as time progresses has to be inferred on the basis of the skewness and kurtosis as opposed to a study of all the relevant moments.
A one-dimensional wave function is assumed whose logarithm is a quadratic form in the configuration variable with time-dependent coefficients. This trial function allows for general time-dependent solutions both of the harmonic oscillator (HO) and the reversed harmonic oscillator (RO). For the HO, apart from the standard coherent states, a further class of solutions is derived with a time-dependent width parameter. The width of the corresponding probability density fluctuates, or "breathes" periodically with the oscillator frequency. In the case of the RO, one also obtains normalized wave packets which, however, show diffusion through exponential broadening with time. At the initial time, the integration constants give rise to complete sets of coherent states in the three cases considered. The results are applicable to the quantum mechanics of the Kepler-Coulomb problem when transformed to the model of a four-dimensional harmonic oscillator with a constraint. In the classical limit, as was shown recently, the wave packets of the RO basis generate the hyperbolic Kepler orbits, and, by means of analytic continuation, the elliptic orbits are also obtained quantum mechanically.