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arXiv:quant-ph/0611274 · Physical Review A

Quantum Brownian motion for periodic coupling to an Ohmic bath

Jyrki Piilo, Sabrina Maniscalco, Kalle‐Antti Suominen

Published Mar 7, 2007• 7 citations
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Abstract

We show theoretically how the periodic coupling between an engineered reservoir and a quantum Brownian particle leads to the formation of a dynamical steady-state which is characterized by an effective temperature above the temperature of the environment. The average steady-state energy of the system has a higher value than expected from the environmental properties. The system experiences repeatedly a non-Markovian behavior---as a consequence the corresponding effective decay for long evolution times is always on average stronger than the Markovian one. We also highlight the consequences of the scheme for the Zeno-anti-Zeno crossover which depends, in addition to the periodicity $\ensuremath{\tau}$, also on the total evolution time of the system.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.032105

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We show theoretically how the periodic coupling between an engineered reservoir and a quantum Brownian particle leads to the formation of a dynamical steady-state which is characterized by an effective temperature above the temperature of the environment. The average steady-state energy of the system has a higher value than expected from the environmental properties. The system experiences repeatedly a non-Markovian behavior---as a consequence the corresponding effective decay for long evolution times is always on average stronger than the Markovian one. We also highlight the consequences of the scheme for the Zeno-anti-Zeno crossover which depends, in addition to the periodicity \ensuremathτ\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremathτ, also on the total evolution time of the system.
In this Letter, we investigate the occurrence of the Zeno and anti-Zeno effects for quantum Brownian motion. We single out the parameters of both the system and the reservoir governing the crossover between Zeno and anti-Zeno dynamics. We demonstrate that, for high reservoir temperatures, the short time behavior of environment induced decoherence is ultimately responsible for the occurrence of either the Zeno or the anti-Zeno effect. Finally, we suggest a way to manipulate the decay rate of the system and to observe a controlled continuous passage from decay suppression to decay acceleration using engineered reservoirs in the trapped ion context.
The dissipative dynamics of a quantum Brownian particle is studied for different types of environment. We derive analytic results for the time evolution of the mean energy of the system for Ohmic, sub-Ohmic, and super-Ohmic environments, without performing the Markovian approximation. Our results allow one to establish a direct link between the form of the environmental spectrum and the thermalization dynamics. This in turn leads to a natural explanation of the microscopic physical processes ruling the system time evolution both in the short-time non-Markovian region and in the long-time Markovian one. Our comparative study of thermalization for different environments sheds light on the physical contexts in which non-Markovian dissipation effects are dominant.
In this paper we investigate the occurrence of the Zeno and anti-Zeno effects for quantum Brownian motion. We single out the parameters of both the system and the reservoir governing the crossover between Zeno and anti-Zeno dynamics. We demonstrate that, for high reservoir temperatures, the short time behaviour of environment induced decoherence is the ultimate responsible for the occurrence of either the Zeno or the anti-Zeno effect. Finally we suggest a way to manipulate the decay rate of the system and to observe a controlled continuous passage from decay suppression to decay acceleration using engineered reservoirs in the trapped ion context .
We consider a model of non-Markovian quantum Brownian motion that consists of a harmonic oscillator bilinearly coupled to a thermal bath, both via its position and via its momentum operators. We derive the master equation for such a model, and we solve the equations of motion for a generic Gaussian system state. We then investigate the resulting evolution of the first and second moments for both an Ohmic and a super-Ohmic spectral density. In particular, we show that, irrespective of the specific form of the spectral density, the coupling with the momentum enhances the dissipation experienced by the system, accelerating its relaxation to the equilibrium as well as modifying the asymptotic state of the dynamics. Eventually, we characterize explicitly the non-Markovianity of the evolution using a general criterion which relies on the positivity of the master equation coefficients.
We study the steady state behaviour of a confined quantum Brownian particle subjected to a space-dependent, rapidly oscillating time-periodic force. To leading order in the period of driving, the result of the oscillating force is an effective static potential which has a quantum dissipative contribution, VQDV_{QD}VQD​, which adds on to the classical result. This is shown using a coherent state representation of bath oscillators. VQDV_{QD}VQD​ is evaluated exactly in the case of an Ohmic dissipation bath. It is strongest for intermediate values of the damping, where it can have pronounced effects.
In this Thesis I discuss the dynamics of the quantum Brownian motion model in harmonic potential. This paradigmatic model has an exact solution, making it possible to consider also analytically the non-Markovian dynamics. The issues covered in this Thesis are themed around decoherence. First, I consider decoherence as the mediator of quantum-to-classical transition. I examine five different definitions for nonclassicality of quantum states, and show how each definition gives qualitatively different times for the onset of classicality. In particular I have found that all characterizations of nonclassicality, apart from one based on the interference term in the Wigner function, result in a finite, rather than asymptotic, time for the emergence of classicality. Second, I examine the diverse effects which coupling to a non-Markovian, structured reservoir, has on our system. By comparing different types of Ohmic reservoirs, I derive some general conclusions on the role of the reservoir spectrum in both the short-time and the thermalization dynamics. Finally, I apply these results to two schemes for decoherence control. Both of the methods are based on the non-Markovian properties of the dynamics.