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arXiv:quant-ph/0608205

Measurement-based quantum computation with superconducting charge qubits

Xiang‐Bin Wang, J. Q. You, Franco Nori

Published Aug 27, 2006• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present a robust method, based only on measurements, to produce superconducting cluster states. The measurement of the current of a few parallel Josephson-junction qubits realizes a novel type of quantum-state selector. Using this selector, one can produce various quantum entangled states and also realize a controlled-NOT gate without requiring an exact control of the interqubit interactions. In particular, cluster states for quantum computation could be produced with only single-qubit measurements.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0608205

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We present a robust method, based only on measurements, to produce superconducting cluster states. The measurement of the current of a few parallel Josephson-junction qubits realizes a novel type of quantum-state selector. Using this selector, one can produce various quantum entangled states and also realize a controlled-NOT gate without requiring an exact control of the interqubit interactions. In particular, cluster states for quantum computation could be produced with only single-qubit measurements.
We propose a method to efficiently generate cluster states in charge qubits, both semiconducting and superconducting, as well as flux qubits. We show that highly entangled cluster states can be realized by a "one-touch" entanglement operation by tuning gate bias voltages for charge qubits. We also investigate the robustness of these cluster states for nonuniform qubits, which are unavoidable in solid-state systems. We find that quantum computation based on cluster states is a promising approach for solid-state qubits.
Highly entangled states called cluster states are a universal resource for measurement-based quantum computing (QC). Here we propose an efficient method for producing large cluster states using superconducting quantum circuits. We show that a large cluster state can be efficiently generated in just one step by turning on the interqubit coupling for a short time. Because the interqubit coupling is only switched on during the time interval for generating the cluster state, our approach is also convenient for preparing the initial state for each qubit and for implementing one-way QC via single-qubit measurements. Moreover, the cluster state is robust against parameter variations.
The Measurement Based Quantum Computation (MBQC) model achieves universal quantum computation by employing projective single qubit measurements with classical feedforward on a highly entangled multipartite cluster state. Rapid advances in improving scalability of quantum computing systems have enabled the generation of large cluster states for implementing MBQC on various platforms. This review focuses on three such efforts, each utilizing a different quantum computing technology viz., superconducting qubits, trapped ion qubits and squeezed photon states. MBQC is being increasingly employed on optical platforms which can generate large entangled resource states but lack the ability to perform deterministic entangling gates.
Recently, fault tolerant quantum computation such as surface coding and topological quantum computation has been paid attention to due to high threshold against computational errors compared with that of conventional gate-model quantum computation.These schemes use a two or three-dimensional cluster state as universal resources for quantum computation.We can generate a cluster state by performing controlled-phase gates on an initial state prepared in |+⟩ state, where the control-phase gates are realized by nearest neighbor Ising type interactions.There are many proposal to realize Ising type interaction such as ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, superconducting charge qubits, superconducting spin qubits, resonator wave guides, nitrogen-vacancy centers, and quantum dots.Among many candidates, we especially discuss superconducting flux qubits.Superconducting flux qubits have a strong anharmonicity, so that we can perform high-speed single-qubit rotation with excellent fidelity.Usually, implementation of high-fidelity two-qubit gates is the hardest part for the realization of quantum computation.Two qubit gates require in-situ turn on/off the interaction between qubits by the external control apparatus.Since imperfection of the interaction control tends to induce spatially correlated errors between qubits, sophisticated technology is required to suppress such error rate below the threshold of fault tolerant quantum computation.Up to now, the generation of a large cluster state using solid-state qubit has not been demonstrated in a scalable manner yet.One of the main obstacles is the requirement for independent control of two-qubit gates that are necessary for the scalable quantum information processing.For a superconducting flux qubit, existing method uses applied magnetic field to control the interaction.It is known that the application of magnetic field to local area is difficult.Thus, it is hard to implement local control of the interaction without cross-talk problem where unwanted errors occurs between qubits.Firstly, we propose a novel way to control a number of two-qubit gates independently without using the on/off switching of locally applied magnetic field.Specifically, we assume the superconducting flux qubits that are inductively coupled with each other via always-on Ising interaction.Unlike the previous method to change the interaction strength with unitary operations, we fully make use of non-unitary properties of projective measurements so that we can effectively turn on/off the interaction via quantum feedforward.Also, we show how to generate a two or three-dimensional cluster state that are universal resource for fault tolerant quantum computation with constant stepsize operations.The on/off switching of locally applied magnetic field is not necessary to First of all, I would like to thank my adviser Professor Hiroshi Imai for his valuable comments and continuous support during the last five years.
We propose a method for the implementation of one-way quantum computing in superconducting circuits. Measurement-based quantum computing is a universal quantum computation paradigm in which an initial cluster state provides the quantum resource, while the iteration of sequential measurements and local rotations encodes the quantum algorithm. Up to now, technical constraints have limited a scalable approach to this quantum computing alternative. The initial cluster state can be generated with available controlled-phase gates, while the quantum algorithm makes use of high-fidelity readout and coherent feedforward. With current technology, we estimate that quantum algorithms with above 20 qubits may be implemented in the path toward quantum supremacy. Moreover, we propose an alternative initial state with properties of maximal persistence and maximal connectedness, reducing the required resources of one-way quantum computing protocols.
We propose theoretical schemes to generate highly entangled cluster state with superconducting qubits in a circuit QED architecture. Charge qubits are located inside a superconducting transmission line, which serves as a quantum data bus. We show that large clusters state can be efficiently generated in just one step with the long-range Ising-like unitary operators. The quantum operations which are generally realized by two coupling mechanisms: either voltage coupling or current coupling, depend only on global geometric features and are insensitive not only to the thermal state of the transmission line but also to certain random operation errors. Thus high-fidelity one-way quantum computation can be achieved.