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arXiv:quant-ph/0607189

Linear Optical Implemention of a Quantum Network for Quantum Estimation

Zhiwei Wang, Jian Li, Yun‐Feng Huang, Yongsheng Zhang, Xi‐Feng Ren, Pei Zhang, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Jul 27, 2006• 0 citations
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Abstract

We present a scheme for simulating the quantum network of quantum estimation proposed by A. K. Ekert et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 217901 (2002)]. We experimentally implement the scheme with linear optical elements. We perform overlap measurements of two single-qubit states and entanglement-witness measurements of some two-qubit states. In addition, it can also be used for entanglement quantification for some kinds of states. From the other perspective, we physically realize the positive but not completely positive map, transposition.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0607189

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We present a scheme for simulating the quantum network of quantum estimation proposed by A. K. Ekert et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 217901 (2002)]. We experimentally implement the scheme with linear optical elements. We perform overlap measurements of two single-qubit states and entanglement-witness measurements of some two-qubit states. In addition, it can also be used for entanglement quantification for some kinds of states. From the other perspective, we physically realize the positive but not completely positive map, transposition.
We report an experimental implementation of deterministic preparation and measurement of single-photon two-qubit entangled states, in which the polarization and the spatial modes of a single-photon each represent a quantum bit. It is demonstrated that all four single-photon two-qubit entangled states (Bell states) can be easily prepared and measured deterministically using linear optical elements alone. We also discuss how this scheme can be used for implementing recently proposed single-photon two-qubit quantum cryptography.
We propose a scheme to implement a single-mode quantum filter, which selectively eliminates the one-photon state in a quantum state $\ensuremath{\alpha}|0〉+\ensuremath{\beta}|1〉+\ensuremath{\gamma}|2〉.$ The vacuum state and the two-photon state are transmitted without any change. This scheme requires single-photon sources, linear optical elements, and photon detectors. Furthermore, we demonstrate how this filter can be used to realize a two-qubit projective measurement and to generate multiphoton polarization entangled states.
We implement experimentally a deterministic method to prepare and measure the so-called single-photon two-qubit entangled states or single-photon Bell states, in which the polarization and the spatial modes of a single photon each represent a quantum bit. All four single-photon Bell states can be easily prepared and measured deterministically using linear optical elements alone. We also discuss how this method can be used for the recently proposed single-photon two-qubit quantum cryptography scheme.
The universal transpose of quantum states is an antiunitary transformation that is not allowed in quantum theory. In this work, we investigate approximating the universal transpose of quantum states of two-level systems (qubits) using the method known as the structural physical approximation to positive maps. We also report its experimental implementation in linear optics. The scheme is optimal in that the maximal fidelity is attained and also practical as measurement and preparation of quantum states that are experimentally feasible within current technologies are solely applied.