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arXiv:quant-ph/0607078 · Physical Review A

Environment-assisted entanglement enhancement

Biplab Ghosh, A. S. Majumdar, N. Nayak

Published Nov 10, 2006• 31 citations
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Abstract

We consider various dissipative atom-cavity systems and show that their collective dynamics can be used to maximize entanglement for intermediate values of the cavity leakage parameter $\ensuremath{\kappa}$. We first consider the interaction of a single two-level atom with one of two coupled microwave cavities and show analytically that the atom-cavity entanglement increases with cavity leakage. We next consider a system of two atoms passing successively through a cavity and derive the expression for the maximum value of $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ in terms of the Rabi angle $gt$, for which the two-atom entanglement can be increased. Finally, numerical investigation of micromaser dynamics also reveals the increase of two-atom entanglement with stronger cavity-environment coupling for experimentally attainable values of the micromaser parameters.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.74.052315

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We consider various dissipative atom-cavity systems and show that their collective dynamics can be used to maximize entanglement for intermediate values of the cavity leakage parameter \ensuremathκ\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremathκ. We first consider the interaction of a single two-level atom with one of two coupled microwave cavities and show analytically that the atom-cavity entanglement increases with cavity leakage. We next consider a system of two atoms passing successively through a cavity and derive the expression for the maximum value of \ensuremathκ\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremathκ in terms of the Rabi angle gtgtgt, for which the two-atom entanglement can be increased. Finally, numerical investigation of micromaser dynamics also reveals the increase of two-atom entanglement with stronger cavity-environment coupling for experimentally attainable values of the micromaser parameters.
We consider dissipative atom-cavity systems and show that their collective dynamics leads to the maximization of entanglement for intermediate values of the cavity leakage parameter kappa\\kappakappa. We discuss possible ways the reservoir influences entanglement. We first consider the entanglement of a single two-level atom with a microwave cavity that is coupled to another cavity. We show that the atom-cavity entanglement can be made to increase with cavity leakage. We next show that the entanglement between two atoms passing successively through a cavity can be maximised for intermediate values of kappa\\kappakappa. We finally consider the micromaser where the increase of two-atom entanglement for stronger cavity-environment coupling is demonstrated for experimentally attainable values of the micromaser parameters.
We investigate a two-level atom coupled to a cavity with a strong classical driving field in a dissipative environment and find an analytical expression for the time evolution density matrix for the system. The analytical density operator is then used to study the entanglement between the atom and cavity by considering the competing process between the atom–field interactions and the field–environment interactions. It is shown that there is an optimal interaction time for generating atom–cavity entanglement.
We propose an experimental setup, feasible with present day technology, involving two highquality- factor cavities, one Ramsey zone and a two-level atom which interacts with them. The dynamics in the cavities is modeled by a dissipative dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model. Analytical expresions for the evolution superoperator in each part of the proposed setup and for the concurrence between the atom and the first cavity are given, and the pairwise entanglement of the subsystems is calculated numerically. We consider initial separable states given by the tensor product of a superposition of the two atomic relevant states and coherent states for the fields. We show that for realistic model parameters (including dissipation), when the dissipation rates are smaller than the dispersive frequencies (the ratio between the squared vacuum Rabi frequencies and the detunings), the final state of the cavity fields remains entangled.
We consider two two-level atoms, interacting with two independent dissipative cavities, each of which is driven by an external source. The two cavity fields are both initially prepared in the coherent states, and the two two-level atoms are initially prepared in the singlet state |Ψ − ⟩ = (|eg⟩ – |ge⟩)/√2. We investigate the influence of the damping constant κ, the intensity of the external sources F, and the relative difference of the atomic couplings r on the entanglement between the two atoms. In the dispersive approximation, we find that the entanglement between the two atoms decreases with the time evolution, and the decreasing rate of entanglement depends on the values of F/κ, κ/ω, and r. For the given small values of F/κ and κ/ω, on the one hand, the increasing of r favors entanglement decreasing of the atomic system, on the other hand, when r → 1 the entanglement decreasing becomes slower. With the increasing of the value of κ/ω, the influence of r on the decreasing rate of entanglement becomes smaller, and gradually disappears for the big value of κ/ω.