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arXiv:quant-ph/0509201 · Physical Review A

Entanglement dynamics modified by an effective atomic environment

Isabel Sainz, A. B. Klimov, Luis Roa

Published Mar 2, 2006• 27 citations
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Abstract

We study entanglement dynamics of a couple of two-level atoms resonantly interacting with a cavity mode and embedded in a dispersive atomic environment. We show that in the absence of the environment the entanglement reaches its maximum value when only one excitation is involved. Then, we find that the atomic environment modifies that entanglement dynamics and induces a typical collapse-revival structure even for an initial one photon Fock state of the field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.73.032303

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We study entanglement dynamics of a couple of two-level atoms resonantly interacting with a cavity mode and embedded in a dispersive atomic environment. We show that in the absence of the environment the entanglement reaches its maximum value when only one excitation is involved. Then, we find that the atomic environment modifies that entanglement dynamics and induces a typical collapse-revival structure even for an initial one photon Fock state of the field.
We study how the entanglement between two atoms can be created or modified even when they do not interact but when each of them interacts dispersively, i.e., weak and far from the resonance, with a single mode of the field. In particular, we study two cases: First we consider each atom to be initially in a pure state and secondly we assume that they start in a Werner state. Analytically we find that both atoms can, periodically, reach maximum entanglement if each of them starts in any state belonging to the Bloch sphere equator, independent of the initial Fock state of the mode. Thus, in particular, we find that a dispersive vacuum mode can generate entanglement between two two-level atoms. In the second case, when the field mode is initially in a coherent or thermal state we find that, in the high energy limit, in general there is no entanglement between the two atoms. However, at well defined moments, the initial entanglement appears and disappears suddenly, becoming a narrow entanglement-beats structure.
In this paper we consider the situation that four identical two-level atoms are separately trapped in coupled single-mode optical cavities and each atom resonantly interacts with cavity via a one-photon hopping. The three-body entanglement dynamics in each cavity is studied. The influences of atom-cavity coupling constant on the three-body entanglement are discussed. The results obtained using the numerical method show that the three-body entanglement displays the collapse-revival phenomena when atom-cavity coupling constant is larger than a fixed value. On the other hand, the three-body entanglement is the result of the coherent superposition of the two-body entanglements.
In this study, we theoretically investigate a system composed of two isolated two-level atoms, each confined within an independent single-mode optical cavity. The cavities are coherently coupled via an optical fiber, enabling photon-mediated interaction between the two subsystems. Each cavity sustains a single-mode quantized electromagnetic field, and each atom couples exclusively to the field within its respective cavity. We analyze the time dependent entanglement dynamics, exploring both atom-atom and cavity-field bipartite entanglement under this hybrid interaction framework. To quantify entanglement, we employ concurrence as the measurement metric. The effects of the atoms' initial states and the optical fiber’s coupling strength on both atom-atom and field-field entanglement are analyzed. Numerical results reveal that when the coupling strength of the optical fiber is close to zero, no entanglement is observed between either the atoms or the fields. However, as the fiber coupling strength increases, entanglement emerges and exhibits collapse and revival behavior over time.
We study how the entanglement between two atoms can be created or modified even when they do not interact but when each of them interacts dispersively, i.e., weak and far from the resonance with a single mode of the field. Considering that regime we apply a method which makes use of a small nonlinear deformation of the usual SU(2) algebra in order to obtain the effective Hamiltonian describing correctly the dynamics for any initial states. In particular we study two cases: In the first one we consider each atom initially in a pure state and in the second case we assume that they start in a Werner state. We find that both atoms can reach, periodically, maximum entanglement if each of them starts in any eigenstate of the x-componet of the Pauli oprator, independent of the initial Fock state of the mode. Thus we find that a dispersive vacuum can generate entanglement between two two-level atoms. In the second case and when the field mode is initially in a coherent or thermal state, we find that in the high energy limit, in general, there is no entanglement between the two atoms however at well defined moments the initial entanglement is as suddenly recovered as removed. This time behavior looks like narrow beats separated by the so called entanglement dead valleys.