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arXiv:quant-ph/0604211 · Physical Review A

Experimental quantum teleportation with a three-Bell-state analyzer

J. A. W. van Houwelingen, A. Beveratos, Nicolas Brunner, Nicolas Gisin, Hugo Zbinden

Published Aug 3, 2006• 22 citations
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Abstract

We present a Bell-state analyzer for time-bin qubits allowing the detection of three out of four Bell states with linear optics, two detectors, and no auxiliary photons. The theoretical success rate of this scheme is 50%. A teleportation experiment was performed to demonstrate its functionality. We also present a teleportation experiment with a fidelity larger than the cloning limit of $F=\frac{5}{6}$.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.74.022303

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We present a Bell-state analyzer for time-bin qubits allowing the detection of three out of four Bell states with linear optics, two detectors, and no auxiliary photons. The theoretical success rate of this scheme is 50%. A teleportation experiment was performed to demonstrate its functionality. We also present a teleportation experiment with a fidelity larger than the cloning limit of F=56F=\frac{5}{6}F=65​.
We present a novel Bell-state analyzer (BSA) for time-bin qubits allowing the detection of three out of four Bell states with linear optics, two detectors, and no auxiliary photons. The theoretical success rate of this scheme is 50%. Our new BSA demonstrates the power of generalized quantum measurements, known as positive operator valued measurements. A teleportation experiment was performed to demonstrate its functionality. We also present a teleportation experiment with a fidelity larger than the cloning limit.
We propose a simple experimental scheme in which an unknown two-qubit state is faithfully and deterministically teleported from Alice to Bob. The scheme is constructed with four photons from parametric down conversion, linear optical elements, and conventional photon detectors, all of which are available in current technology. It is shown that the probability of successful teleportation ideally reaches 100% based on single-photon two-qubit-assisted Bell-state measurement, which can distinguish all four Bell-states simultaneously via conventional photon detectors. By generalizing the scheme, the teleportation of an unknown multi-qubit system can also be realized.
We demonstrate an experiment on entanglement swapping using an optimal Bell-state measurement capable of identifying two of the four Bell-states for polarization entangled photons, which is the optimum with linear optical elements. The two final photons belong to separately created paris. They are entangled after their original partner photons have been subjected to the Bell state measurement, whose outcome determines the type of entanglement of the final photon pair. The resulting violation of Bell's inequality in both cases confirms the success of the teleportation protocol.
Efficient teleportation is a crucial step for quantum computation and quantum networking. In the case of qubits, four different entangled Bell states have to be distinguished. We have realized a probabilistic, but in principle deterministic, Bell-state analyzer for two photonic quantum bits by the use of a nondestructive controlled-NOT gate based on entirely linear optical elements. This gate was capable of distinguishing between all of the Bell states with higher than 75% fidelity without any noise substraction due to utilizing quantum interference effects.
We present our model to teleport an unknown quantum state using entanglement between two distant parties. Our model takes into account experimental limitations due to contribution of multi-photon pair production of parametric down conversion source, inefficiency, dark counts of detectors, and channel losses. We use a linear optics setup for quantum teleportation of an unknown quantum state by the sender performing a Bell state measurement. Our theory successfully provides a model for experimentalists to optimize the fidelity by adjusting the experimental parameters. We apply our model to a recent experiment on quantum teleportation and the results obtained by our model are in good agreement with the experimental results.