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arXiv:quant-ph/0511201

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency using six level atoms doped in the crystalline medium

Hassan Kaatuzian, Sina Mehrabadi, Ahmad Ajdarzadeh Oskouei

Published Nov 21, 2005• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Using the density matrix theory of interaction between light and matter, and relevant parameters of the relaxation rates for a six-level model, we have shown theoretically the possibility of realizing Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Slow Light effects in Pr(+3 ion) doped YSO crystal. In addition, we have presented a simplified method to analyse EIT effect in such a six level atomic system. Finally, we have demonstrated results of numerical calculation and have compared them with experimental measurements reported recently.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0511201

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Using the density matrix theory of interaction between light and matter, and relevant parameters of the relaxation rates for a six-level model, we have shown theoretically the possibility of realizing Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Slow Light effects in Pr(+3 ion) doped YSO crystal. In addition, we have presented a simplified method to analyse EIT effect in such a six level atomic system. Finally, we have demonstrated results of numerical calculation and have compared them with experimental measurements reported recently.
We study Lambda-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cryogenically-cooled, europium and praseodymium doped yttrium orthosilicate (Eu:YSO and Pr:YSO). We use spectral hole burning techniques to vary the optical inhomogeneous width of the sub-ensemble of atoms participating in the EIT. The effect of inhomogeneous broadening has been studied in the context of Doppler broadened gases, but less so in solids where motional effects are absent and the coherence is not limited by the transit of atoms through the optical field. Rare earth doped crystals, like many solid-state systems, exhibit spectral hole burning in which a narrowband laser field optically pumps atoms to states in the ground manifold that are dark with respect to the applied field, opening up a transparency window that persists after the pumping laser is shuttered. More complex sequences of fields at multiple frequencies can create arbitrary spectral profiles, within bounds set by the particular energy level structure of the atoms. For both Eu:YSO and Pr:YSO, there are three hyperfine ground states and three hyperfine excited states (at zero magnetic field) and all nine transitions are dipole-allowed with varying transition strengths. We use spectral hole-burning techniques to prepare a sub-ensemble of atoms in a particular frequency class and a particular ground spin state, while also pumping atoms out of another ground state to create a Lambda system. We observe the same functional dependence of the EIT width on the optical inhomogeneous width and independently calibrated control field Rabi frequency in both systems.
We show that the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) is possible in a medium exhibiting Rydberg excitons and indicate the realistic parameters to perform the experiment. The calculations for a Cu2_22​O crystal are given which show that in this medium due to large group index one could expect slowing down a light pulse by a factor about 10410^4104.
Abstract We report the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a six-level Λ -type system in atomic Rb vapor containing both 87 Rb and 85 Rb. The experimental observation includes five velocity selective optically pumped (VSOP) absorption dips for both 87 Rb and 85 Rb. The EIT signal appears on the background of one such VSOP absorption dips. The measured EIT linewidth ( ) shows sub-natural ( ) values for both lower and higher values of pump Rabi-frequencies. The density matrix based theoretical model for the six-level system is developed and solved numerically by taking into account the Doppler broadening. A complete analytical solution (non perturbative) for a three level Λ -type system has been obtained and compared with the experimentally observed sub-natural EIT linewidth. The simulated spectra are in good agreement with the experimental findings.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) stems from a quantum system, where an opaque atomic medium appears the narrow transparent state within a wide absorption area. This phenomenon can be achieved by quantum interference of pumping light and detecting light at different energy levels of transitions. In the generation process of EIT effect, in addition to transparent state, the atomic medium is usually accompanied with a strong dispersion effect, which will bright about a significant reduction of light velocity, thus realizing many important applications, such as slow light propagations. Although the EIT effect has many important applications, its application scenarios are greatly limited due to the fact that EIT realization usually requires specific and complicated conditions, such as refrigeration temperature, high intensity laser, etc. Recently, the analogue of EIT effect in metamaterial has attracted increasing attentions due to its advantages such as controllable room temperature and large operating bandwidth. Metamaterial analogue of EIT effect has become a new research focus. In this article, we review current research progresses on EIT metamaterials. Firstly, we describe the theoretical models for analyzing EIT metamaterials, including the mechanical oscillator model and the equivalent circuit model. Then, we describe the simulations, designs and experiments of passive EIT metamaterials with fixed structures and active EIT metamaterials with tunable elements. Furthermore, the applications of EIT metamaterials in the areas of slow lights, sensings, absorptions and other fields are also reviewed. Finally, the possible directions and key issues of future EIT metamaterial researches are prospected.