Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:quant-ph/0505048 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Maximal output purity and capacity for asymmetric unital qudit channels

Nilanjana Datta, Mary Beth Ruskai

Published Oct 26, 2005• 26 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps in which the identity channel is replaced by a convex combinations of unitary conjugations. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entropy. We also show that the Holevo capacity need not equal log d - the minimal entropy as one might expect for a convex combination of unitary conjugations. Conversely, we give examples for which this condition holds, but the channel has no evident covariance properties.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/38/45/005

Related papers

Maximal output purity and capacity for asymmetric unital qudit channels

Nilanjana Datta, Mary Beth Ruskai

We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps which are convex combinations of unitary conjugations (rather than the identity) and the completely noisy map. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entropy. We also show that the Holevo capacity need not equal log d - the minimal entropy as one might expect for a convex combination of unitary conjugations. Conversely, we give examples for which this condition holds, but the channel has no evident covariance properties.

•May 8, 2005•23 citations

Properties of Conjugate Channels with Applications to Additivity and Multiplicativity

Christopher King, Keiji Matsumoto, Michael Nathanson +1 more

Quantum channels can be described via a unitary coupling of system and environment, followed by a trace over the environment state space. Taking the trace instead over the system state space produces a different mapping which we call the conjugate channel. We explore the properties of conjugate channels and describe several different methods of construction. In general, conjugate channels map M_d to M_d' with d < d', and different constructions may differ by conjugation with a partial isometry. We show that a channel and its conjugate have the same minimal output entropy and maximal output p-norm. It then follows that the additivity and multiplicativity conjectures for these measures of optimal output purity hold for a product of channels if and only if they also hold for the product of their conjugates. This allows us to reduce these conjectures to the special case of maps taking M_d to M_d' with a minimal representation of dimension at most d. We find explicit expressions for the conjugates for a number of well-known examples, including entanglement-breaking channels, unital qubit channels, the depolarizing channel, and a subclass of random unitary channels. For the entanglement-breaking channels, channels this yields a new class of channels for which additivity and multiplicativity of optimal output purity can be established. For random unitary channels using the generalized Pauli matrices, we obtain a new formulation of the multiplicativity conjecture. The conjugate of the completely noisy channel plays a special role and suggests a mechanism for using noise to transmit information.

arXiv:quant-ph/0509126•Markov Processes And Related Fields•Sep 19, 2005•115 citations

Extending additivity from symmetric to asymmetric channels

Motohisa Fukuda

We prove a lemma which allows one to extend results about the additivity of the minimal output entropy from highly symmetric channels to a much larger class. A similar result holds for the maximal output p -norm. Examples are given showing its use in a variety of situations. In particular, we prove the additivity and the multiplicativity for the shifted depolarizing channel.

arXiv:quant-ph/0505022•Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General•Oct 26, 2005•34 citations

Some new additivity results on quantum channels

Motohisa Fukuda

In this paper we introduce a lemma. This lemma states that for a unitary covariant channel $\\Psi$ and a channel $M$ such that $M(\\rho_0)$ is of rank one for some state $\\rho_0$ the additivity of the minimal output entropy of $\\Psi$ implies that of $\\Psi \\circ M$, and the multiplicativity of the maximal output $p$-norm of $\\Psi$, that of $\\Psi \\circ M$. Applying the lemma to the depolarising channel we produce a new class of memoryless quantum channels for which the additivity of the minimal output entropy and the multiplicativity of the maximal output $p$-norm hold. This class includes the shifted depolarising channel.

•May 4, 2005•1 citation

Additivity for unital qubit channels

Christopher King

Additivity of the Holevo capacity is proved for product channels, under the condition that one of the channels is a unital qubit channel, with the other completely arbitrary. As a byproduct this proves that the Holevo bound is the classical information capacity of such qubit channels, and provides an explicit formula for this classical capacity. Additivity of minimal entropy and multiplicativity of p-norms are also proved under the same assumptions. The proof relies on a new bound for the p-norm of an output state from the half-noisy phase-damping channel.

arXiv:quant-ph/0103156•Journal of Mathematical Physics•Sep 26, 2002•202 citations

Pauli Diagonal Channels Constant on Axes

Michael Nathanson, Mary Beth Ruskai

We define and study the properties of channels which are analogous to unital qubit channels in several ways. A full treatment can be given only when the dimension d is a prime power, in which case each of the (d+1) mutually unbiased bases (MUB) defines an axis. Along each axis the channel looks like a depolarizing channel, but the degree of depolarization depends on the axis. When d is not a prime power, some of our results still hold, particularly in the case of channels with one symmetry axis. We describe the convex structure of this class of channels and the subclass of entanglement breaking channels. We find new bound entangled states for d = 3. For these channels, we show that the multiplicativity conjecture for maximal output p-norm holds for p=2. We also find channels with behavior not exhibited by unital qubit channels, including two pairs of orthogonal bases with equal output entropy in the absence of symmetry. This provides new numerical evidence for the additivity of minimal output entropy.

•Nov 9, 2006•32 citations
We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps in which the identity channel is replaced by a convex combinations of unitary conjugations. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entropy. We also show that the Holevo capacity need not equal log d - the minimal entropy as one might expect for a convex combination of unitary conjugations. Conversely, we give examples for which this condition holds, but the channel has no evident covariance properties.
We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps which are convex combinations of unitary conjugations (rather than the identity) and the completely noisy map. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entropy. We also show that the Holevo capacity need not equal log d - the minimal entropy as one might expect for a convex combination of unitary conjugations. Conversely, we give examples for which this condition holds, but the channel has no evident covariance properties.
Quantum channels can be described via a unitary coupling of system and environment, followed by a trace over the environment state space. Taking the trace instead over the system state space produces a different mapping which we call the conjugate channel. We explore the properties of conjugate channels and describe several different methods of construction. In general, conjugate channels map M_d to M_d' with d < d', and different constructions may differ by conjugation with a partial isometry. We show that a channel and its conjugate have the same minimal output entropy and maximal output p-norm. It then follows that the additivity and multiplicativity conjectures for these measures of optimal output purity hold for a product of channels if and only if they also hold for the product of their conjugates. This allows us to reduce these conjectures to the special case of maps taking M_d to M_d' with a minimal representation of dimension at most d. We find explicit expressions for the conjugates for a number of well-known examples, including entanglement-breaking channels, unital qubit channels, the depolarizing channel, and a subclass of random unitary channels. For the entanglement-breaking channels, channels this yields a new class of channels for which additivity and multiplicativity of optimal output purity can be established. For random unitary channels using the generalized Pauli matrices, we obtain a new formulation of the multiplicativity conjecture. The conjugate of the completely noisy channel plays a special role and suggests a mechanism for using noise to transmit information.
In this paper we introduce a lemma. This lemma states that for a unitary covariant channel Psi\\PsiPsi and a channel MMM such that M(rho0)M(\\rho_0)M(rho0​) is of rank one for some state rho0\\rho_0rho0​ the additivity of the minimal output entropy of Psi\\PsiPsi implies that of PsicircM\\Psi \\circ MPsicircM, and the multiplicativity of the maximal output ppp-norm of Psi\\PsiPsi, that of PsicircM\\Psi \\circ MPsicircM. Applying the lemma to the depolarising channel we produce a new class of memoryless quantum channels for which the additivity of the minimal output entropy and the multiplicativity of the maximal output ppp-norm hold. This class includes the shifted depolarising channel.
Additivity of the Holevo capacity is proved for product channels, under the condition that one of the channels is a unital qubit channel, with the other completely arbitrary. As a byproduct this proves that the Holevo bound is the classical information capacity of such qubit channels, and provides an explicit formula for this classical capacity. Additivity of minimal entropy and multiplicativity of p-norms are also proved under the same assumptions. The proof relies on a new bound for the p-norm of an output state from the half-noisy phase-damping channel.
We define and study the properties of channels which are analogous to unital qubit channels in several ways. A full treatment can be given only when the dimension d is a prime power, in which case each of the (d+1) mutually unbiased bases (MUB) defines an axis. Along each axis the channel looks like a depolarizing channel, but the degree of depolarization depends on the axis. When d is not a prime power, some of our results still hold, particularly in the case of channels with one symmetry axis. We describe the convex structure of this class of channels and the subclass of entanglement breaking channels. We find new bound entangled states for d = 3. For these channels, we show that the multiplicativity conjecture for maximal output p-norm holds for p=2. We also find channels with behavior not exhibited by unital qubit channels, including two pairs of orthogonal bases with equal output entropy in the absence of symmetry. This provides new numerical evidence for the additivity of minimal output entropy.