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arXiv:quant-ph/0504186 · Physical Review Letters

Macroscopic Thermal Entanglement Due to Radiation Pressure

Aires Ferreira, Ariel Guerreiro, Vlatko Vedral

Published Feb 17, 2006• 77 citations
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Abstract

Can entanglement and the quantum behavior in physical systems survive at arbitrary high temperatures? In this Letter we show that this is the case for a electromagnetic field mode in an optical cavity with a movable mirror in a thermal state. We also identify two different dynamical regimes of generation of entanglement separated by a critical coupling strength.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.96.060407

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Can entanglement and the quantum behavior in physical systems survive at arbitrary high temperatures? In this Letter we show that this is the case for a electromagnetic field mode in an optical cavity with a movable mirror in a thermal state. We also identify two different dynamical regimes of generation of entanglement separated by a critical coupling strength.
The radiation pressure of two laser beams detuned from resonance in an optical cavity can create a stable optical trap for a mechanical oscillation mode of a movable cavity mirror. Here it is shown that such a configuration entangles the output light fields via interaction with a mirror that is suspended as a pendulum. The degree of entanglement is quantified spectrally using the logarithmic negativity, and related to the available optical restoring force. Entanglement survives in the experimentally accessible regime of gram-scale masses subject to thermal noise at room temperature.
The entanglement of the two movable mirrors in a single mode cavity field is studied in an ideal situation without thermal noise. When gn/w <<1 where g is the coupling coefficient between the mirror and the field, w is the mirror' vibration frequency and n is photon number of the cavity field, we work out Wootters concurrence of the system initially with the field in Fock number state and the two mirrors in vacuum states, and find that the states of the mirrors are entangled into space spanned by |0>,|1> via radiation pressure, though the concurrence is very small.