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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Entanglement in macroscopic optomechanical systems

David Vitali, Claudiu Genes, Stefano Mancini, Paolo Tombesi

Published Jun 7, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider an optical cavity made by two moving mirrors and driven by an intense classical laser field. We determine the steady state of he optomechanical system and show that two vibrational modes of the mirrors, with effective mass of the order of micrograms, can be entangled thanks to the effect of radiation pressure. The resulting entanglement is however quite fragile with respect to temperature.

DOI
10.1117/12.724323

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We consider an optical cavity made by two moving mirrors and driven by an intense classical laser field. We determine the steady state of he optomechanical system and show that two vibrational modes of the mirrors, with effective mass of the order of micrograms, can be entangled thanks to the effect of radiation pressure. The resulting entanglement is however quite fragile with respect to temperature.
We show that when an intense and quasi-monochromatic laser field is incident on a single vibrating and perfectly reflecting mirror in free space, radiation pressure realizes an effective coupling between a mirror vibrational mode and the first two optical sidebands of the incident field. The two reflected sidebands are in fact entangled by the optomechanical interaction and the resulting continuous variable entanglement proves to be robust against the thermal noise acting on the vibrational mode. If the duration of the incident laser pulse is appropriately chosen, the resulting state of the two sideband modes becomes an exact two-mode squeezed state.
The search for experimental demonstrations of the quantum behavior of macroscopic mechanical resonators is a fastly growing field of investigation and recent results suggest that the generation of quantum states of resonators with a mass at the microgram scale is within reach. In this chapter we give an overview of two important topics within this research field: cooling to the motional ground state, and the generation of entanglement involving mechanical, optical and atomic degrees of freedom. We focus on optomechanical systems where the resonator is coupled to one or more driven cavity modes by the radiation pressure interaction. We show that robust stationary entanglement between the mechanical resonator and the output fields of the cavity can be generated, and that this entanglement can be transferred to atomic ensembles placed within the cavity. These results show that optomechanical devices are interesting candidates for the realization of quantum memories and interfaces for continuous variable quantum communication networks.
We present a proposal to generate robust tripartite optomechanical entanglement with a single-cavity optomechanical system driven by a single input laser field. The produced stationary tripartite entanglement among two longitudinal cavity modes and a mirror oscillation mode via radiation pressure force exhibits robustness to the variation of the environment temperature when the cavity free spectral range is close to the mechanical oscillation frequency. The present optomechanical system can serve as an alternative intermediary for quantum-state exchange between two microwave (or optical) fields as well as between photons and the macroscopic mechanical oscillator, and may be potentially useful for quantum information processing and quantum networks.