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arXiv:quant-ph/0503131

Entanglement in the scattering process by local impurity

Dong Yang, Shi-Jian Gu, Haibin Li

Published Mar 15, 2005• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study entanglement in the scattering processes by fixed impurity and Kondo impurity. The fixed impurity plays a role as spin state filter that is employed to concentrate entanglement between the scattering particle and the unscattering particle. One Kondo impurity can entangle two noninteracting scattering particles while one scattering particle can entangle two separate noninteracting Kondo impurities.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0503131

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We study entanglement in the scattering processes by fixed impurity and Kondo impurity. The fixed impurity plays a role as spin state filter that is employed to concentrate entanglement between the scattering particle and the unscattering particle. One Kondo impurity can entangle two noninteracting scattering particles while one scattering particle can entangle two separate noninteracting Kondo impurities.
In order to quantify quantum entanglement in two-impurity Kondo systems, we calculate the concurrence, negativity, and von Neumann entropy. The entanglement of the two Kondo impurities is shown to be determined by two competing many-body effects, namely the Kondo effect and the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction, III. Due to the spin-rotational invariance of the ground state, the concurrence and negativity are uniquely determined by the spin-spin correlation between the impurities. It is found that there exists a critical minimum value of the antiferromagnetic correlation between the impurity spins which is necessary for entanglement of the two impurity spins. The critical value is discussed in relation with the unstable fixed point in the two-impurity Kondo problem. Specifically, at the fixed point there is no entanglement between the impurity spins. Entanglement will only be created [and quantum information processing (QIP) will only be possible] if the RKKY interaction exchange energy, III, is at least several times larger than the Kondo temperature, TK{T}_{K}TK​. Quantitative criteria for QIP are given in terms of the impurity spin-spin correlation.
Competition between the Kondo effect and Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction in the two-impurity Kondo problem can be phenomenologically described by the Rasul-Schlottmann spin model. We revisit this model from the quantum entanglement perspective by calculating both the inter-impurity entanglement and the local Kondo entanglement, the latter being the entanglement between a local magnetic impurity and its spatially nearby conduction electron. A groundstate phase diagram is derived and a discontinuous breakdown of the local Kondo entanglement is found at the singular point, associated concomitantly with a jump in the inter-impurity entanglement. An entanglement monogamy holds in the whole phase diagram. Our results identify the important role of the frustrated cross-coupling and demonstrate the local characteristic of the quantum phase transition in the two-impurity Kondo problem. The implications of these results for Kondo lattices and quantum information processing are also briefly discussed.
Nanotechnology has made it possible to fabricate electronic devices in which it is possible to manipulate and tune quantum states. The paper studies quantum entanglement in Kondo impurity systems. Experimental realization occurs in pairs of quantum dots and in endohedral fullerenes inside carbon nanotubes. Competition of many-body effects plays a very important role in determining quantum entanglement of two localized impurity spins. The reduced density matrix shows that the two spins are in a Werner state with probability coefficients being a function of spin-spin correlation. It is found that to be entangled the two spins need a minimum nonzero anti-ferromagnetic correlation. How the entanglement in the whole system is shared was discussed.
The local Kondo entanglement is defined as the concurrence of a short-ranged Kondo singlet state consisting of a localized magnetic moment and a nearby conduction electron. We derive the entanglement phase diagram of the Rasul-Schlottmann model, the effective spin-only Hamiltonian for the two-impurity Kondo model in the numerical renormalization group approach. We show that the local Kondo entanglement vanishes exactly at the two-impurity Kondo critical point, associated concomitantly with a jump in the inter-impurity entanglement. We discuss how to generalize this result to a Kondo lattice model preserving the same enhanced spin symmetry.