Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:quant-ph/0503111 · Physical Review A

Conditional generation of arbitrary single-mode quantum states of light by repeated photon subtractions

Jaromı́r Fiurášek, Raúl García−Patrón, Nicolas J. Cerf

Published Sep 23, 2005• 123 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a scheme for the conditional generation of arbitrary finite superpositions of Fock states in a single mode of a traveling optical field. The setup requires a source of squeezed vacuum states, beam splitters, strong coherent beams, photodetectors with single-photon sensitivity, and a final squeezer. If we want to generate a squeezed superposition of Fock states, which is sufficient in several applications, then the last squeezer is not even needed. The thrust of this method is that it achieves a high fidelity without requiring photodetectors with a high efficiency or a single-photon resolution. The possibility to improve its scaling by using a quantum memory is also discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.033822

Related papers

Conditional generation of arbitrary multimode entangled states of light with linear optics

Jaromı́r Fiurášek, Serge Massar, Nicolas J. Cerf

We propose a universal scheme for the probabilistic generation of an arbitrary multimode entangled state of light with finite expansion in Fock basis. The suggested setup involves passive linear optics, single-photon sources, strong coherent laser beams, and photodetectors with single-photon resolution. The efficiency of this setup may be greatly enhanced if, in addition, a quantum memory is available.

arXiv:quant-ph/0304005•Physical Review A•Oct 23, 2003•21 citations

Conditional generation ofN-photon entangled states of light

Jaromı́r Fiurášek

We propose a scheme for conditional generation of two-mode N-photon path-entangled states of traveling light field. These states may find applications in quantum optical lithography and they may be used to improve the sensitivity of interferometric measurements. Our method requires only single-photon sources, linear optics (beam splitters and phase shifters), and photodetectors with single-photon sensitivity.

arXiv:quant-ph/0110138•Physical Review A•May 8, 2002•147 citations

Conditional quantum-state engineering using ancillary squeezed-vacuum states

Hyunseok Jeong, Andrew M. Lance, Nicolai B. Grosse +3 more

We investigate an optical scheme to conditionally engineer quantum states using a beam splitter, homodyne detection, and a squeezed vacuum as an ancillar state. This scheme is efficient in producing non-Gaussian quantum states such as squeezed single photons and superpositions of coherent states (SCSs). We show that a SCS with well defined parity and high fidelity can be generated from a Fock state of $n\ensuremath{\leqslant}4$, and conjecture that this can be generalized for an arbitrary $n$ Fock state. We describe our experimental demonstration of this scheme using coherent input states and measuring experimental fidelities that are only achievable using quantum resources.

arXiv:quant-ph/0606153•Physical Review A•Sep 19, 2006•26 citations

Building of one-way Hadamard gate for squeezed coherent states

Sergey A. Podoshvedov

We present an optical scheme to conditionally generate even or odd squeezed superpositions of coherent states (SSCSs). The optical setup consists of an unbalanced beam splitter whose transmittance tends to unity, and additional balanced beam splitters and photodetectors in auxiliary modes. Squeezed coherent states with different amplitudes are the input states in the optical scheme. The single-qubit operations are probabilistic and employ two- and three-photon subtractions from initial beams as the driving force. Generation of the even or odd SSCSs is observed in a wide diapason of values of used parameters. We consider a possibility to realize a one-way Hadamard gate for the squeezed coherent states when the base states are transformed into superposition states. States approximating the output states of a Hadamard gate with high fidelity can be realized by imposing restrictions on the values of used parameters. Higher-order subtractions from input beams are necessary to generate the SSCSs with larger amplitudes and higher fidelities. The problem is resolved in a Wigner representation to take into account imperfections of the optical devices.

Physical Review A•Jan 10, 2013•26 citations

Generating “squeezed” superpositions of coherent states using photon addition and subtraction

Petr Marek, Hyunseok Jeong, M. S. Kim

We study how photon addition and subtraction can be used to generate squeezed superpositions of coherent states (SSCSs) in free-traveling fields with high fidelities and large amplitudes. It is shown that an arbitrary $N$-photon subtraction results in the generation of a SSCS with nearly the perfect fidelity $(F>0.999)$ regardless of the number of photons subtracted. In this case, the amplitude of the SSCS increases as the number of the subtracted photons gets larger. For example, two-photon subtraction from a squeezed vacuum state of $6.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}$ can generate a SSCS of $\ensuremath{\alpha}=1.26$, while in the case of the four-photon subtraction a SSCS of a larger amplitude $\ensuremath{\alpha}=1.65$ is obtained under the same condition. When a photon is subtracted from a squeezed vacuum state and another photon is added subsequently, a SSCS with a lower fidelity $(F\ensuremath{\approx}0.96)$ yet higher amplitude $(\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\approx}2)$ can be generated. We analyze some experimental imperfections including inefficiency of the detector used for the photon subtraction.

arXiv:0812.1626•Physical Review A•Dec 4, 2008•117 citations

Synthesis of arbitrary Fock states via conditional measurement on beam splitters

Bruno M. Escher, Ardiley Torres Avelar, B. Baseia

In a previous work [Opt. Commun. 138, 71 (1997)] a scheme was proposed to create traveling fields in the Fock state $\ensuremath{\mid}{2}^{J}⟩$. Here we show how to extend this result to arbitrary Fock states. The procedure combines one-photon states impinging on a sequence of distinct beam splitters, each one associated with a (zero detection) single-photon photodetector, with optimization of the success probability to get the desired state. Advantages and disadvantages of this scheme are discussed.

Physical Review A•Oct 13, 2005•25 citations
We propose a scheme for the conditional generation of arbitrary finite superpositions of Fock states in a single mode of a traveling optical field. The setup requires a source of squeezed vacuum states, beam splitters, strong coherent beams, photodetectors with single-photon sensitivity, and a final squeezer. If we want to generate a squeezed superposition of Fock states, which is sufficient in several applications, then the last squeezer is not even needed. The thrust of this method is that it achieves a high fidelity without requiring photodetectors with a high efficiency or a single-photon resolution. The possibility to improve its scaling by using a quantum memory is also discussed.
We investigate an optical scheme to conditionally engineer quantum states using a beam splitter, homodyne detection, and a squeezed vacuum as an ancillar state. This scheme is efficient in producing non-Gaussian quantum states such as squeezed single photons and superpositions of coherent states (SCSs). We show that a SCS with well defined parity and high fidelity can be generated from a Fock state of $n\ensuremath{\leqslant}4$, and conjecture that this can be generalized for an arbitrary nnn Fock state. We describe our experimental demonstration of this scheme using coherent input states and measuring experimental fidelities that are only achievable using quantum resources.
We present an optical scheme to conditionally generate even or odd squeezed superpositions of coherent states (SSCSs). The optical setup consists of an unbalanced beam splitter whose transmittance tends to unity, and additional balanced beam splitters and photodetectors in auxiliary modes. Squeezed coherent states with different amplitudes are the input states in the optical scheme. The single-qubit operations are probabilistic and employ two- and three-photon subtractions from initial beams as the driving force. Generation of the even or odd SSCSs is observed in a wide diapason of values of used parameters. We consider a possibility to realize a one-way Hadamard gate for the squeezed coherent states when the base states are transformed into superposition states. States approximating the output states of a Hadamard gate with high fidelity can be realized by imposing restrictions on the values of used parameters. Higher-order subtractions from input beams are necessary to generate the SSCSs with larger amplitudes and higher fidelities. The problem is resolved in a Wigner representation to take into account imperfections of the optical devices.
We study how photon addition and subtraction can be used to generate squeezed superpositions of coherent states (SSCSs) in free-traveling fields with high fidelities and large amplitudes. It is shown that an arbitrary NNN-photon subtraction results in the generation of a SSCS with nearly the perfect fidelity (F>0.999)(F>0.999)(F>0.999) regardless of the number of photons subtracted. In this case, the amplitude of the SSCS increases as the number of the subtracted photons gets larger. For example, two-photon subtraction from a squeezed vacuum state of 6.1dB6.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}6.1dB can generate a SSCS of $\ensuremath{\alpha}=1.26$, while in the case of the four-photon subtraction a SSCS of a larger amplitude $\ensuremath{\alpha}=1.65$ is obtained under the same condition. When a photon is subtracted from a squeezed vacuum state and another photon is added subsequently, a SSCS with a lower fidelity $(F\ensuremath{\approx}0.96)$ yet higher amplitude $(\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\approx}2)$ can be generated. We analyze some experimental imperfections including inefficiency of the detector used for the photon subtraction.
In a previous work [Opt. Commun. 138, 71 (1997)] a scheme was proposed to create traveling fields in the Fock state $\ensuremath{\mid}{2}^{J}⟩$. Here we show how to extend this result to arbitrary Fock states. The procedure combines one-photon states impinging on a sequence of distinct beam splitters, each one associated with a (zero detection) single-photon photodetector, with optimization of the success probability to get the desired state. Advantages and disadvantages of this scheme are discussed.