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arXiv:quant-ph/0503088 · Physical Review A

Remote preparation of mixed states via noisy entanglement

Guo‐Yong Xiang, Jian Li, Bo Hao Yu, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Jul 14, 2005• 224 citations
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Abstract

We present a practical and general scheme of remote preparation for pure and mixed states, which is proposed with an auxiliary qubit and controlled-NOT gate. We discuss the remote state preparation (RSP) in two important types of decoherent channel (depolarizing and dephasing). We realize RSP in the dephasing channel in our experiment by using spontaneous parametric down-conversion, linear optical elements, and single photon detector. Our experimental results match the theoretical prediction well.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.012315

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We present a practical and general scheme of remote preparation for pure and mixed states, which is proposed with an auxiliary qubit and controlled-NOT gate. We discuss the remote state preparation (RSP) in two important types of decoherent channel (depolarizing and dephasing). We realize RSP in the dephasing channel in our experiment by using spontaneous parametric down-conversion, linear optical elements, and single photon detector. Our experimental results match the theoretical prediction well.
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In this paper,we propose a scheme in which one can realize remote state preparation(RSP) of an entangled state through entanglement swapping.In ideal conditions where quantum systems about RSP do not suffer unwanted interactions with the outside environment,two two-particle entangled states are used as quantum channels to remotely prepare an entangled state.Furthermore,we investigate RSP of an entangled state through noisy channels.Studies show the fidelity of the process of RSP is different under influences of different types of noises.We also investigate the influence of decoherence rate on remote state preparation for a deterministic state.
In this paper, the theoretical investigation of remote preparation of an entangled state is studied in nonideal conditions. Our studies include two parts. In the first part, we consider the remote state preparation (RSP) of an entangled state through two equally noisy quantum channel states, namely, a mixture of Bell states. Studies show there is a particular mixed-state channel for which all pure entangled states remain entangled after this inexact RSP. In the second part, we suppose that noises which quantum channels suffer from can be expressed as the Lindblad operators. The master equation of the system can be expressed in the Lindblad form. Through solving the master equation, we calculate the fidelity as a function of decoherence rates and parameters of the state to be prepared. For a given entangled state, we investigate the influence of different types of noises on the fidelity.
Remote state preparation (RSP) is the act of preparing a quantum state at a remote location without actually transmitting the state itself. Using at most two classical bits and a single shared maximally entangled state, one can in theory remotely prepare any qubit state with certainty and with perfect fidelity. However, in any experimental implementation the average fidelity between the target and output states cannot be perfect. In order for an RSP experiment to demonstrate genuine quantum advantages, it must surpass the optimal threshold of a comparable classical protocol. Here we study the fidelity achievable by RSP protocols lacking shared entanglement and determine the optimal value for the average fidelity in several different cases. We implement an experimental scheme for deterministic remote preparation of arbitrary photon polarization qubits, preparing 178178178 different pure and mixed qubit states with an average fidelity of 0.9950.9950.995. Our experimentally achieved average fidelities surpass our derived classical thresholds whenever the classical protocol does not trivially allow for perfect RSP.
Remote state preparation (RSP) provides an indirect way of transferring quantum information based on the nonlocal effect of quantum measurement. Although RSP has been demonstrated in recent years to remotely prepare multiphoton states, quantum measurement on the same number of additional photons was required, i.e., to prepare NNN-photon states via RSP, quantum measurement on the other NNN-photons was required, hence significantly limiting practicality and applicability of RSP. Here we report an experimental demonstration of remote preparation of three-photon entangled states by measuring only a single-photon entangled with the three photons. We further generalize our protocol to prepare multiphoton entangled states with arbitrary photon number and purity and to prepare a genuinely three-partite entangled state, both via single-photon measurement. As our RSP scheme relies on the nonlinearity induced by single-photon measurement, it enables quantum state engineering of multiphoton entangled states beyond the linear optical limit. Our results are expected to have significant impacts on quantum metrology and quantum information processing.
We present a technique for remotely preparing an arbitrary single-photon hybrid state between two distant nodes. This remote state preparation (RSP) is accomplished with a hyper-entangled state in polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom (DoFs) using some experimentally available optical elements and devices. In our RSP, the sender performs unitary operations on her hyper-entangled photon in accordance with her knowledge of the desired state to be transmitted. By performing a single-photon projective measurement and classical communication, the target state will be reconstructed at the remote receiver’s quantum system. Furthermore, we discuss the RSP via a partially hyper-entangled state. We expect our study can pave the way towards the investigation of long-distance quantum communication scenarios.