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arXiv:quant-ph/0411029 · Applied Optics

High-yield single-photon source using gated spontaneous parametric downconversion

Shigeki Takeuchi, Ryo Okamoto, Keiji Sasaki

Published Oct 20, 2004• 23 citations
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Abstract

The construction of a single-photon source by use of gated parametric fluorescence is reported with the measurement results of the photon number distribution. A beamlike twin-photon method is used in order to achieve high-collection efficiency. The estimated probability P(1) to find a single photon in a collimated output pulse is 26.5% at a repetition rate of 10 kHz when the effective quantum efficiency of 27.4% in the detection setup is compensated.

DOI
10.1364/ao.43.005708

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The construction of a single-photon source by use of gated parametric fluorescence is reported with the measurement results of the photon number distribution. A beamlike twin-photon method is used in order to achieve high-collection efficiency. The estimated probability P(1) to find a single photon in a collimated output pulse is 26.5% at a repetition rate of 10 kHz when the effective quantum efficiency of 27.4% in the detection setup is compensated.
The photon-number distribution of an output state from a single-photon source using gated spontaneous parametric downconversion is analyzed in detail. For an improved experimental result of {P(0),P(1),P(2)}={0.59,0.40,0.009}, it is found that P(1) is restricted by the optical loss of the signal photon path (62%) and the cause of nonzero P(2) is the imperfection of the optical shutter for gating. A method by which to reconstruct the photon-number distribution via photon-counting measurement is also presented.
Beamlike twin-photon generation by use of type II spontaneous parametric downconversion is demonstrated. The intensity distribution of each beam is round, and the emission angle is very small (0.9 degrees ). As a result, a high coincidence-count rate per unit of pump power was recorded. The ratio of coincidence-count rate to single-count rate was estimated to be 80% in this experiment. These features suggest that this method is useful for generation of a single-photon state and is applicable to bright, entangled twin-photon sources.
A source of single photons allows secure quantum key distribution, in addition, to being a critical resource for linear optics quantum computing. We describe our progress on deterministically creating single photons from spontaneous parametric downconversion, an extension of the Pittman, Jacobs and Franson scheme [Phys. Rev A, v66, 042303 (2002)]. Their idea was to conditionally prepare single photons by measuring one member of a spontaneously emitted photon pair and storing the remaining conditionally prepared photon until a predetermined time, when it would be "deterministically" released from storage. Our approach attempts to improve upon this by recycling the pump pulse in order to decrease the possibility of multiple-pair generation, while maintaining a high probability of producing a single pair. Many of the challenges we discuss are central to other quantum information technologies, including the need for low-loss optical storage, switching and detection, and fast feed-forward control.