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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Detailed analysis of a single-photon source using gated spontaneous parametric downconversion

Ryo Okamoto, Shigeki Takeuchi, Keiji Sasaki

Published Nov 1, 2005• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The photon-number distribution of an output state from a single-photon source using gated spontaneous parametric downconversion is analyzed in detail. For an improved experimental result of {P(0),P(1),P(2)}={0.59,0.40,0.009}, it is found that P(1) is restricted by the optical loss of the signal photon path (62%) and the cause of nonzero P(2) is the imperfection of the optical shutter for gating. A method by which to reconstruct the photon-number distribution via photon-counting measurement is also presented.

DOI
10.1364/josab.22.002393

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The photon-number distribution of an output state from a single-photon source using gated spontaneous parametric downconversion is analyzed in detail. For an improved experimental result of {P(0),P(1),P(2)}={0.59,0.40,0.009}, it is found that P(1) is restricted by the optical loss of the signal photon path (62%) and the cause of nonzero P(2) is the imperfection of the optical shutter for gating. A method by which to reconstruct the photon-number distribution via photon-counting measurement is also presented.
We show that the primary cause of errors in a broad class of optical quantum-logic gates are due to the higher-order photon terms in parametric downconversion sources. A model describing real-life imperfections in these entangling gates is presented and tested in an experiment where we entangle dependent photons from the same downconversion source using a controlled-z gate, and measure the state tomographically. We find good agreement between the modelled and measured results. Our investigations demonstrate that, although small, these noise terms are amplified by the intrinsic non-determinism of the gates. It is worth considering alternative schemes based on weak nonlinearities to see if they are more resilient to this degradation.