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arXiv:quant-ph/0405056

Ghost imaging, quantum and classical aspects

A. Gatti, E. Brambilla, Morten Bache, L. A. Lugiato

Published May 11, 2004• 2 citations
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Abstract

We analytically show that it is possible to perform coherent imaging by using the classical correlation of two beams obtained by splitting incoherent thermal radiation. A formal analogy is demonstrated between two such classically correlated beams and two entangled beams produced by parametric down-conversion. Because of this analogy, the classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging properties of the entangled beams, even in ways which up to now were not believed possible. A key feature is that these classical beams are spatially correlated both in the near-field and in the far-field. Using realistic numerical simulations the performances of a quasi-thermal and a parametric down-conversion source are shown to be closely similar, both for what concerns the resolution and statistical properties. The results of this paper provide a new scenario for the discussion of what role the entanglement plays in correlated imaging.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0405056

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We analytically show that it is possible to perform coherent imaging by using the classical correlation of two beams obtained by splitting incoherent thermal radiation. A formal analogy is demonstrated between two such classically correlated beams and two entangled beams produced by parametric down-conversion. Because of this analogy, the classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging properties of the entangled beams, even in ways which up to now were not believed possible. A key feature is that these classical beams are spatially correlated both in the near-field and in the far-field. Using realistic numerical simulations the performances of a quasi-thermal and a parametric down-conversion source are shown to be closely similar, both for what concerns the resolution and statistical properties. The results of this paper provide a new scenario for the discussion of what role the entanglement plays in correlated imaging.
We analytically show that it is possible to perform coherent imaging by using the classical correlation of two beams obtained by splitting incoherent thermal radiation. A formal analogy is demonstrated between two such classically correlated beams and two entangled beams produced by parametric down-conversion. Because of this analogy, the classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging properties of the entangled beams, even in ways which up to now were not believed possible. A key feature is that these classical beams are spatially correlated both in the near field and in the far field. Using realistic numerical simulations the performances of a quasithermal and a parametric down-conversion source are shown to be closely similar, both for what concerns the resolution and statistical properties. The results of this paper provide a scenario for the discussion of what role the entanglement plays in correlated imaging.
Abstract We demonstrate analytically that correlated imaging in the regime of large photon number can be implemented using both a classical and an entangled source. The classically correlated beams are obtained by dividing thermal radiation by a beam splitter while entangled beams are obtained through parametric down‐conversion. By treating the two system in parallel, a formal analogy is outlined between the two cases showing that classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging features of the entangled beams. We also propose a method to improve substantially the imaging performances of correlated imaging which is based on homodyne detection combined with spatial averages.
Coincidence, or ghost, imaging is a technique that uses two correlated optical fields to form an image of an object. In this work we identify aspects of coincidence imaging which can be performed with classically correlated light sources and aspects which require quantum entanglement. We find that entangled photons allow high-contrast, high-resolution imaging to be performed at any distance from the light source. We demonstrate this fact by forming ghost images in the near and far fields of an entangled photon source, noting that the product of the resolutions of these images is a factor of 3 better than that which is allowed by classical diffraction theory.
Temporal ghost imaging is based on the temporal correlations of two optical beams and aims at forming a temporal image of a temporal object with a resolution, fundamentally limited by the photodetector resolution time and reaching 55 ps in a recent experiment. For further improvement of the temporal resolution, it is suggested to form a spatial ghost image of a temporal object relying on strong temporal-spatial correlations of two optical beams. Such correlations are known to exist between two entangled beams generated in type-I parametric downconversion. It is shown that a sub-picosecond-scale temporal resolution is accessible with a realistic source of entangled photons.