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arXiv:quant-ph/0310148 · Physical Review A

Polarization phase gate with a tripod atomic system

S. Rebić, David Vitali, Carlo Ottaviani, P. Tombesi, M. Artoni, F. S. Cataliotti, R. Corbalán

Published Sep 21, 2004• 185 citations
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Abstract

We analyze the nonlinear optical response of a four-level atomic system driven into a tripod configuration. The large cross-Kerr nonlinearities that occur in such a system are shown to produce nonlinear phase shifts of order $\ensuremath{\pi}$. Such a substantial shift may be observed in a cold atomic gas in a magneto-optical trap where it could be feasibly exploited towards the realization of a polarization quantum phase gate. The experimental feasibility of such a gate is here examined in detail.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.70.032317

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We analyze the nonlinear optical response of a four-level atomic system driven into a tripod configuration. The large cross-Kerr nonlinearities that occur in such a system are shown to produce nonlinear phase shifts of order \ensuremathπ\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremathπ. Such a substantial shift may be observed in a cold atomic gas in a magneto-optical trap where it could be feasibly exploited towards the realization of a polarization quantum phase gate. The experimental feasibility of such a gate is here examined in detail.
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Large optical nonlinearities occurring in a coherently prepared atomic system are shown to produce phase shifts of order πππ. Such an effect may be observed in ultracold rubidium atoms where it could be feasibly exploited toward the realization of a polarization phase gate.
We study the interaction of a weak probe field, having two orthogonally polarized components, with an optically dense medium of four-level atoms in a tripod configuration. In the presence of a coherent driving laser, electromagnetically induced transparency is attained in the medium, dramatically enhancing its linear as well as nonlinear dispersion while simultaneously suppressing the probe field absorption. We present the semiclassical and fully quantum analysis of the system. We propose an experimentally feasible setup that can induce large Faraday rotation of the probe field polarization and therefore be used for ultrasensitive optical magnetometry. We then study the Kerr nonlinear coupling between the two components of the probe, demonstrating a novel regime of symmetric, extremely efficient cross-phase modulation, capable of fully entangling two single-photon pulses. This scheme may thus pave the way to photon-based quantum information applications, such as deterministic all-optical quantum computation, dense coding, and teleportation.