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arXiv:quant-ph/0204128 · Physics Letters A

Coherent states and duality

J. M. Isidro

Published Aug 1, 2002• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/s0375-9601(02)00983-0

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Looking for a quantum-mechanical implementation of duality, we formulate a relation between coherent states and complex-differentiable structures on classical phase space ${\cal C}$. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of locally-defined coherent states is the existence of an almost complex structure on ${\cal C}$. A necessary and sufficient condition for globally-defined coherent states is a complex structure on ${\cal C}$. The picture of quantum mechanics that emerges is conceptually close to that of a geometric manifold covered by local coordinate charts. Instead of the latter, quantum mechanics has local coherent states. A change of coordinates on ${\cal C}$ may or may not be holomorphic. Correspondingly, a transformation between quantum-mechanical states may or may not preserve coherence. Those that do not preserve coherence are duality transformations. A duality appears as the possibility of giving two or more, apparently different, descriptions of the same quantum-mechanical phenomenon. Coherence becomes a local property on classical phase space. Observers on ${\cal C}$ not connected by means of a holomorphic change of coordinates need not, and in general will not, agree on what is a semiclassical effect vs. what is a strong quantum effect

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We demonstrate how large classes of discrete and continuous statistical distributions can be incorporated into coherent states, using the concept of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. Each family of coherent states is shown to contain, in a sort of duality, which resembles an analogous duality in Bayesian statistics, a discrete probability distribution and a discretely parametrized family of continuous distributions. It turns out that nonlinear coherent states, of the type widely studied in quantum optics, are a particularly useful class of coherent states from this point of view, in that they contain many of the standard statistical distributions. We also look at vector coherent states and multidimensional coherent states as carriers of mixtures of probability distributions and joint probability distributions.
The two types of SU (1, 1) coherent states of Barut and Girardello and of Perelomov are dual in a sense that the operators in the eigenvalue equation and in the exponentials which create these types of coherent states from the lowest eigenstate (vacuum) form an asymmetric Heisenberg–Weyl algebra. A new type of SU (1, 1) coherent states which takes on an intermediate position between the two dual types of SU (1, 1) coherent states already mentioned is established and investigated. In this new type, the duality of the operators becomes a self-duality and the corresponding operators form a usual Heisenberg–Weyl algebra. Properties of the different SU (1, 1) coherent states are investigated for the realization of SU (1, 1) by one-dimensional quantum-mechanical potential problems leading to a quadratic law of energy-level spacing. Coherent SU (1, 1) phase states are discussed for this realization of SU (1, 1). It is shown that no wavepackets corresponding to any of the SU (1, 1) coherent states can exactly preserve their shape during time evolution.
Looking for a quantum-mechanical implementation of duality, we formulate a relation between coherent states and complex-differentiable structures on classical phase space C{\cal C}C. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of locally-defined coherent states is the existence of an almost complex structure on C{\cal C}C. A necessary and sufficient condition for globally-defined coherent states is a complex structure on C{\cal C}C. The picture of quantum mechanics that emerges is conceptually close to that of a geometric manifold covered by local coordinate charts. Instead of the latter, quantum mechanics has local coherent states. A change of coordinates on C{\cal C}C may or may not be holomorphic. Correspondingly, a transformation between quantum-mechanical states may or may not preserve coherence. Those that do not preserve coherence are duality transformations. A duality appears as the possibility of giving two or more, apparently different, descriptions of the same quantum-mechanical phenomenon. Coherence becomes a local property on classical phase space. Observers on C{\cal C}C not connected by means of a holomorphic change of coordinates need not, and in general will not, agree on what is a semiclassical effect vs. what is a strong quantum effect