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arXiv:quant-ph/0101014 · Physical Review Letters

Inhibition of Decoherence due to Decay in a Continuum

G. S. Agarwal, Marlan O. Scully, HERBERT WALTHER

Published May 7, 2001• 128 citations
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Abstract

We propose a scheme for slowing down decay into a continuum. We make use of a sequence of ultrashort 2pi pulses applied on an auxiliary transition of the system so that there is a destructive interference between the two transition amplitudes--one before the application of the pulse and the other after the application of the pulse. We give explicit results for a structured continuum. Our scheme can also inhibit unwanted transitions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.86.4271

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We propose a scheme for slowing down decay into a continuum. We make use of a sequence of ultrashort 2pi pulses applied on an auxiliary transition of the system so that there is a destructive interference between the two transition amplitudes--one before the application of the pulse and the other after the application of the pulse. We give explicit results for a structured continuum. Our scheme can also inhibit unwanted transitions.
We investigate the nature of the pulse sequence so that unwanted transitions in quantum systems can be inhibited optimally. For this purpose we show that the sequence of pulses proposed by Uhrig [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 100504 (2007)] in the context of inhibition of environmental dephasing effects is optimal. We derive exact results for inhibiting the transitions and confirm the results numerically. We posit a very significant improvement by usage of the Uhrig sequence over an equidistant sequence in decoupling a quantum system from unwanted transitions. The physics of inhibition is the destructive interference between transition amplitudes before and after each pulse.
We show how a control of the dynamics of a decay process can be achieved by the application of a series of $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses on an auxiliary transition. The $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulse changes the phase of the ground state by $\ensuremath{\pi}$ while leaving the phase of the excited state unaltered. This produces quantum interferences between the transition amplitudes for evolution in the short interval, just before and after the $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulse. Such an interference under suitable tailoring of the density-of-states of the bath and the time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ leads to accelerated decay.
In this paper, I study the coherent control and suppression of the free-induction-decay emission associated with the decay from an excited multilevel atom to its ground state. It is shown here that a strong and ultrashort coupling pulse, resonant with the excited states and a lower state other than the ground state, can induce destructive quantum interferences in the decay process. The suppression is temporary and the free-induction-decay signal reappears one quantum-beat period (of the excited states) later. A sequence of equally spaced, ultrashort coupling pulses can control the moment the free-induction-decay emission occurs.
We propose a very simple scheme to slow down the usual exponential decay of upper state population in an atomic two-level system considerably. The scheme uses an additional possibly intense field with frequency lower than the total decay width of the atomic transition. This allows for additional decay channels with the exchange of one or more low-frequency photons during an atomic transition. These channels may then interfere with each other. The intensity and frequency of the low-frequency field are shown to act as two control parameters modifying duration and amount of the population trapping. An extension of the scheme to include transitions to more than one lower state is straightforward.