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arXiv:quant-ph/0001044

Quantum key distribution based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state

Guihua Zeng

Published Jan 13, 2000• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

An unsymmetrical quantum key distribution scheme is proposed, its security is guaranteed by the correlation of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger triplet state. In the proposed protocol, the distribution of quantum states are unsymmetrical. This unsymmetrical characteristic makes the transmission qubits (except the loss qubits) be useful. Sequentially the proposed protocol has excellent efficiency and security which are very useful in the practical application.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0001044

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An unsymmetrical quantum key distribution scheme is proposed, its security is guaranteed by the correlation of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger triplet state. In the proposed protocol, the distribution of quantum states are unsymmetrical. This unsymmetrical characteristic makes the transmission qubits (except the loss qubits) be useful. Sequentially the proposed protocol has excellent efficiency and security which are very useful in the practical application.
An unsymmetrical quantum key distribution protocol is proposed, in which Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) triplet states are used to obtain the secret key. Except the lost qubits due to the unperfectness of the physical devices, the unsymmetrical characteristic makes all transmitted qubits useful. This leads to an excellent efficiency, which reaches 100% in an ideal case. The security is studied from the aspect of information theory. By using the correlation of the GHZ tripartite entanglement state, eavesdropping can be easily checked out, which indicates that the presented protocol is more secure.
A novel approach to quantum cryptography to be called NQKD, networking quantum key distribution, has been developed for secure quantum communication schemes on the basis of the complementary relations of entanglement Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) triplet states. One scheme distributes the private key among legal participants in a probabilistic manner, while another transmits the deterministic message with some certainty. Some decoy photons are employed for preventing a potential eavesdropper from attacking quantum channels. The present schemes are efficient as there exists an elegant method for key distributions. The security of the proposed schemes is exactly guaranteed by the entanglement of the GHZ quantum system, which is illustrated in security analysis.
The characteristics of W state are introduced.The coefficients of W state used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing are proved to be uniform in symmetrical form.The corresponding quantum key distribution scheme via W state is proposed.To insure the security of the proposed quantum key distribution protocol, the receiver switches randomly the message mode to control mode asymmetrically.The security of the protocol is discussed.Quantum secret sharing scheme is accordingly proposed.And the security of the schemes is also discussed.Compared with the quantum key distribution and secret sharing schemes with Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) states,the efficiency of the proposed schemes is low. The purpose of this paper is just to prove that some states except for GHZ states can be used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing.
In this paper, we develop, a quantum key distribution protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states (GHZs). The particles are exchanged among the users in blocks through two steps. In this protocol, for three-particle GHZs three keys can be simultaneously generated. The advantage of this is that the users can select the most suitable key for communication. The protocol can be generalized to N users to provide N keys. The protocol has two levels for checking the eavesdroppers. Moreover, we discuss the security of the protocol against different attacks.
Quantum correlation between two particles and among three particles show nonclassic properties that can be used for providing secure transmission of information. In this paper, we propose two quantum key distribution schemes for quantum cryptographic network, which use the correlation properties of two and three particles. One is implemented by the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, and another is implemented by the Bell states. These schemes need a trusted information center like that in the classic cryptography. The optimal efficiency of the proposed protocols are higher than that in the previous schemes.