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arXiv:physics/0406039 · Physical Review A

Electromagnetically induced left-handedness in a dense gas of three-level atoms

Mehmet Özgür Oktel, Özgür Esat Müstecaplıoğlu

Published Nov 5, 2004• 135 citations
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Abstract

We discuss how a three-level system can be used to change the frequency-dependent magnetic permeability of an atomic gas to be significantly different from 1. We derive the conditions for such a scheme to be successful and briefly discuss the resulting macroscopic electrodynamics. We find that it may be possible to obtain left-handed electrodynamics for an atomic gas using three atomic levels.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.70.053806

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We discuss how a three-level system can be used to change the frequency-dependent magnetic permeability of an atomic gas to be significantly different from 1. We derive the conditions for such a scheme to be successful and briefly discuss the resulting macroscopic electrodynamics. We find that it may be possible to obtain left-handed electrodynamics for an atomic gas using three atomic levels.
We discuss how a three-level system can be used to change the frequency-dependent magnetic permeability of a dense atomic gas to be significantly different from 1. The results show that a negative permittivity and permeability simultaneously with transparent propagation of the electric part of the probe filed can be obtained. Moreover, the magnetic part of the probe field can be amplified instead of strong absorption as usual materials. Therefore, it may be possible to obtain left-handed electrodynamics for an atomic gas using three atomic levels.
The system of inverted Y-type four-level atoms interacting with multi-mode light fields is discussed. Through the mechanism of quantum interference, the relative dielectric permittivity and the relative magnetic permeability will changed remarkably. Using appropriately chosen parameters, the real parts of both the relative dielectric permittivity and the relative magnetic permeability will be negative, and then the left handedness effect happens and the left-handed material is realized. The properties of left-handed materials such as the range of frequencies of the negative refractive index can be manipulated via changing certain parameters of the system.
We propose a scheme of electromagnetically induced left-handedness in a dense atomic vapor medium. By applying an incoherent pump field to manipulate the populations in atomic levels, and a strong coherent field to create quantum coherence, the magnetic part of the probe field can be amplified instead of strong absorption as usual materials. The system has negative permittivity and permeability simultaneously with transparent propagation of the electric part of the probe field. It is shown that the pumping rate of incoherent field, the intensity and frequency detuning of the coherent field, exert effects on the properties of the negative refractive index of left-handed material.
We show that left-handed properties can be electromagnetically induced in a general four-level atomic medium for a finite spectral range. We use an electric (magnetic) atomic transition as an electric (magnetic) resonator to modify the permittivity (permeability), both at the same frequency. The implementation of the four-level model is carried out in atomic hydrogen and neon. In each case the existence of left-handed properties is predicted inside an experimentally reachable domain of parameters.
Using matrix equation theory,the properties of the relative dielectric permittivity and the relative magnetic permeability are investigated in a lamda-type four-level atomic system.By the means of numerical method,the real parts of both relative dielectric permittivity and the relative magnetic permeability will be negative simultaneously under the condition of choosing appropriately parameters,so the left handedness effect is obtained.In a certain scope,by adjusting the intensity of Rabi frequencies of the coherent field in the steady state,the ranges of left handedness effect are changed correspondingly.Additionally,the properties of the negative refractive index are studied in detail.
We propose two dense gas schemes of four-level 'Lambda'-type and V-type atoms based on the effect of quantum coherence. It is shown that under certain conditions the dense gas can simultaneously exhibit negative permittivity and negative permeability, and thus become a negative refractive-index material. Furthermore, by analyzing the absorption property of the left-handed materials, we find that the absoption can be reduced via choosing appropriate parameters. Such schemes might be used to fabricate isotropic and homogeneous left-handed material with vanishing absorption in a wider optical frequency band.