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arXiv:physics/0302028 · Physical Review A

Magneto-optical rotation of nonmonochromatic fields and its nonlinear dependence on optical density

G. S. Agarwal, Shubhrangshu Dasgupta

Published Jun 11, 2003• 7 citations
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Abstract

We calculate magneto-optical rotation of nonmonochromatic fields in an optically thick cold atomic medium. We show that the nonmonochromatic nature leads to a nonlinear dependence of the rotation angle on optical density. Using our calculations, we provide a quantitative analysis of the recent experimental results of Labeyrie et al. [Phys. Rev. A 64, 033402 (2001)] using cold ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.67.063802

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We calculate magneto-optical rotation of nonmonochromatic fields in an optically thick cold atomic medium. We show that the nonmonochromatic nature leads to a nonlinear dependence of the rotation angle on optical density. Using our calculations, we provide a quantitative analysis of the recent experimental results of Labeyrie et al. [Phys. Rev. A 64, 033402 (2001)] using cold 85Rb{}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb atoms.
We theoretically investigate magneto-optical rotation (MOR) of a linearly polarized probe field in the four-level N-type cold atoms. By applying a static magnetic field and a weak coupling field, it is shown that the birefringence enhancement is induced in the system. Moreover, we show that the static magnetic field has a major role in switching the dichroism to enhanced birefringence in the system. We also obtain a large intensity for the output field with nearly perpendicular MOR angle by 88 degrees with subnatural width. It is demonstrated that Doppler broadening has a destructive effect on the MOR of the polarization direction of the probe field. The results of our study can be used for selecting narrow band of wavelengths and polarization converter for efficient switching of TM/TE polarization modes in optical communication, the depolarization backscattering lidar, polarization spectroscopy and precision measurements.
We observe a narrow secondary dispersive feature nested within conventional nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) signals obtained with a laser-cooled rubidium vapor. A similar feature has been previously named a "twist" by Budker et. al., in the context of warm vapor optical magnetometry [Phys. Rev. A. 81, 5788-5791 (1998)], and was ascribed to simultaneous optical pumping through multiple nearby hyperfine levels. In this work the twist is observed in a cold atom vapor, where the hyperfine levels are individually addressable, and thus is due to a different mechanism. We experimentally and numerically characterize this twist in terms of magnetic field strength, polarization, and optical intensity and find good agreement between our data and numerical models. We find that the twist width is proportional to the magnetic field in the transverse direction, and therefore two independent directions of the magnetic field can be measured simultaneously. This technique is useful as a simple and rapid in-situ method for nulling background magnetic fields.
We predict theoretically and demonstrate experimentally an ellipticity-dependent nonlinear magneto-optic rotation of elliptically polarized light propagating in a medium with atomic coherence. We show that this effect results from hexadecapole and higher-order moments of the atomic coherence, and is associated with an enhancement of Kerr and higher-order nonlinearities accompanied by suppression of the other linear and nonlinear susceptibility terms of the medium. These nonlinearities might be useful for quantum signal processing. In particular, we report an observation of enhancement of the polarization rotation of elliptically polarized light resonant with the ${5S}_{1/2}F=\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{2}{5P}_{1/2}F=1$ transition of 87Rb.{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}.87Rb.