arXiv:nlin/0010024

The method of vacuum vectors in the theory of Yang - Baxter equation

I. G. Korepanov

Published Oct 12, 2000• 5 citations

Abstract

In modern terminology, this is the first published paper where the solutions of Yang - Baxter equation "at roots of unity" were analyzed and shown to be related to algebraic curves of genus >1. They are also known now to be connected with the "chiral Potts model". The paper's abstract as written in 1986 reads: "Vacuum vectors of an L-operator form a holomorphic bundle over the vacuum curve of that operator. These notions, as well as the theory of commutation relations of the 6-vertex model, are used in this work for constructing solutions of the Yang - Baxter equation that do not possess a spectral parameter of traditional type".

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.nlin/0010024

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arXiv:nlin/0010024

The method of vacuum vectors in the theory of Yang - Baxter equation

I. G. Korepanov

Published Oct 12, 2000• 5 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.nlin/0010024

Related papers

The Yang-Baxter Equation for the Chiral Potts Model and Integrable Parafermions

Zhao Zhang

A new type of Yang-Baxter equation (YBE) for $R$ -operators depending on three spectral parameters is constructed from the star-triangle relation for the chiral Potts model. As the $Z_N$ symmetric generalization to the Ising model, its Boltzmann weights are known to depend on two variables describing a curve with genus larger than one for $N>2$ , except for the self-dual point corresponding to the Fateev-Zamolodchikov chain. Combined with the fact that quantum Hamiltonians of edge-type models such as the Ising model contain both nearest-neighbor interaction and onsite potential terms, this leads naturally to an additional spectral parameter in the associated $R$ -operator. The construction extends the edge-vertex correspondence of solvable lattice models, and provides a bridge between the Bazhanov-Stroganov four-parameter $R$ -matrix---realized as an intertwiner of cyclic representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ at a root of unity---and Shastry's two-parameter $R$ -operator obtained from the decorated YBE.A new type of Yang-Baxter equation (YBE) for $R$-operators depending on three spectral parameters is constructed from the star-triangle relation for the chiral Potts model. As the $Z_N$ symmetric generalization to the Ising model, its Boltzmann weights are known to depend on two variables describing a curve with genus larger than one for $N>2$, except for the self-dual point corresponding to the Fateev-Zamolodchikov chain. Combined with the fact that quantum Hamiltonians of edge-type models such as the Ising model contain both nearest-neighbor interaction and onsite potential terms, this leads naturally to an additional spectral parameter in the associated $R$-operator. The construction extends the edge-vertex correspondence of solvable lattice models, and provides a bridge between the Bazhanov-Stroganov four-parameter $R$-matrix---realized as an intertwiner of cyclic representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ at a root of unity---and Shastry's two-parameter $R$-operator obtained from the decorated YBE.

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Exact Spectrum of the Critical Three-State Potts Chain (G Albertini) New Results Related to the Chiral Potts Model (H Au-Yang & J H H Perk) Chiral Potts Model: Corner Transfer Matrices and Parametrizations (R J Baxter) Solvable Lattice Models in Three Dimensions (VV Bazhanov) Dressing Symmetries (D Bernard) Knot Theory and Chem-Simons Lagrangian: Some Remarks about the corresponding Diagrams (P Cartier) Recent Progress in 2-D Quantum Gravity (V Dotsenko) On Coordinate Algebras of Quantum Groups at Root of Unity (B Enriquez) Integrability in Discrete Systems (B Grammaticos) New Construction of Solvable RSOS Models (S 0 Warnaar) Birational Automorphisms and Yang-Baxter Equations (J-M Maillard) Yang-Baxter Equations and Non-Commutative Differential Calculus (G Maltsiniotis) Physics Beyond Quasi-Particules: Spectrum and Completeness of the Three-State Superintegrable Chiral Potts Model (B M McCoy) Analytic Calulation of Conformal Weights for A-D-E Lattice Models (P Pearce) Quantum Tops (A Reiman) Remarks on Quasi-Hopf Algebras (M Rosso) Symmetries of the Yang-Baxter Equations: A Remarkable Family of Discrete Groups (C-M Viallet) The Yang-Baxter Equation in Knot Theory (F Y Wu).Exact Spectrum of the Critical Three-State Potts Chain (G Albertini) New Results Related to the Chiral Potts Model (H Au-Yang & J H H Perk) Chiral Potts Model: Corner Transfer Matrices and Parametrizations (R J Baxter) Solvable Lattice Models in Three Dimensions (VV Bazhanov) Dressing Symmetries (D Bernard) Knot Theory and Chem-Simons Lagrangian: Some Remarks about the corresponding Diagrams (P Cartier) Recent Progress in 2-D Quantum Gravity (V Dotsenko) On Coordinate Algebras of Quantum Groups at Root of Unity (B Enriquez) Integrability in Discrete Systems (B Grammaticos) New Construction of Solvable RSOS Models (S 0 Warnaar) Birational Automorphisms and Yang-Baxter Equations (J-M Maillard) Yang-Baxter Equations and Non-Commutative Differential Calculus (G Maltsiniotis) Physics Beyond Quasi-Particules: Spectrum and Completeness of the Three-State Superintegrable Chiral Potts Model (B M McCoy) Analytic Calulation of Conformal Weights for A-D-E Lattice Models (P Pearce) Quantum Tops (A Reiman) Remarks on Quasi-Hopf Algebras (M Rosso) Symmetries of the Yang-Baxter Equations: A Remarkable Family of Discrete Groups (C-M Viallet) The Yang-Baxter Equation in Knot Theory (F Y Wu).

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It has been recently discovered in the context of the six vertex or XXZ model in the fundamental representation that new symmetries arise when the anisotropy parameter $(q+q^{-1})/2$ is evaluated at roots of unity $q^{N}=1$ . These new symmetries have been linked to an $U(A^{(1)}_1)$ invariance of the transfer matrix and the corresponding spin-chain Hamiltonian.In this paper these results are generalized for odd primitive roots of unity to all vertex models associated with trigonometric solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation by invoking representation independent methods which only take the algebraic structure of the underlying quantum groups $U_q(\\hat g)$ into account. Here $\\hat g$ is an arbitrary Kac-Moody algebra. Employing the notion of the boost operator it is then found that the Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix of the integrable model are invariant under the action of $U(\\hat{g})$ . For the simplest case $\\hat g=A_1^{(1)}$ the discussion is also extended to even primitive roots of unity.It has been recently discovered in the context of the six vertex or XXZ model in the fundamental representation that new symmetries arise when the anisotropy parameter $(q+q^{-1})/2$ is evaluated at roots of unity $q^{N}=1$. These new symmetries have been linked to an $U(A^{(1)}_1)$ invariance of the transfer matrix and the corresponding spin-chain Hamiltonian.In this paper these results are generalized for odd primitive roots of unity to all vertex models associated with trigonometric solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation by invoking representation independent methods which only take the algebraic structure of the underlying quantum groups $U_q(\\hat g)$ into account. Here $\\hat g$ is an arbitrary Kac-Moody algebra. Employing the notion of the boost operator it is then found that the Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix of the integrable model are invariant under the action of $U(\\hat{g})$. For the simplest case $\\hat g=A_1^{(1)}$ the discussion is also extended to even primitive roots of unity.

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Daniel Bump, Slava Naprienko

A parametrized Yang-Baxter equation is usually defined to be a map from a group to a set of R-matrices, satisfying the Yang-Baxter commutation relation. These are a mainstay of solvable lattice models. We will show how the parameter space can sometimes be enlarged to a groupoid, and give two examples of such groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equations, within the six vertex model. A groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equation consists of a groupoid $\mathfrak{G}$ together with a map $π:\mathfrak{G}\to\operatorname{End}(V\otimes V)$ for some vector space $V$ such that the Yang-Baxter commutator $[[ π(u),π(w),π(v)]]=0$ if $u,v\in\mathfrak{G}$ are such that the groupoid composition $w=u\star v$ is defined. An important role is played by an object map $Δ:\mathfrak{G}\to M$ for some set $M$ such that $Δ(u)=Δ(v')$ , $Δ(w)=Δ(v)$ and $Δ(w')=Δ(u')$ , where $v\mapsto v'$ is the groupoid inverse map. There are two main regimes of the six-vertex model: the free-fermionic point, and everything else. For the free-fermionic point, there exists a parametrized Yang-Baxter equation with a large parameter group $\operatorname{GL}(2)\times\operatorname{GL}(1)$ . For non-free-fermionic six-vertex matrices, there are also well-known (group) parametrized Yang-Baxter equations, but these do not account for all possible interactions. Instead we will construct a groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equation that accounts for essentially all possible Yang-Baxter equations in the six-vertex model. We will also exhibit a separate groupoid for the five-vertex model. We will show how to construct solvable lattice models based on groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equations.A parametrized Yang-Baxter equation is usually defined to be a map from a group to a set of R-matrices, satisfying the Yang-Baxter commutation relation. These are a mainstay of solvable lattice models. We will show how the parameter space can sometimes be enlarged to a groupoid, and give two examples of such groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equations, within the six vertex model. A groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equation consists of a groupoid $\mathfrak{G}$ together with a map $π:\mathfrak{G}\to\operatorname{End}(V\otimes V)$ for some vector space $V$ such that the Yang-Baxter commutator $[[ π(u),π(w),π(v)]]=0$ if $u,v\in\mathfrak{G}$ are such that the groupoid composition $w=u\star v$ is defined. An important role is played by an object map $Δ:\mathfrak{G}\to M$ for some set $M$ such that $Δ(u)=Δ(v')$, $Δ(w)=Δ(v)$ and $Δ(w')=Δ(u')$, where $v\mapsto v'$ is the groupoid inverse map. There are two main regimes of the six-vertex model: the free-fermionic point, and everything else. For the free-fermionic point, there exists a parametrized Yang-Baxter equation with a large parameter group $\operatorname{GL}(2)\times\operatorname{GL}(1)$. For non-free-fermionic six-vertex matrices, there are also well-known (group) parametrized Yang-Baxter equations, but these do not account for all possible interactions. Instead we will construct a groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equation that accounts for essentially all possible Yang-Baxter equations in the six-vertex model. We will also exhibit a separate groupoid for the five-vertex model. We will show how to construct solvable lattice models based on groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equations.

arXiv:2503.05960Mar 7, 20250 citations

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Christian Korff

arXiv:math-ph/0411034Nov 9, 20047 citations

Functional relations and the Yang-Baxter algebra

W. Galléas

Functional equations methods are a fundamental part of the theory of Exactly Solvable Models in Statistical Mechanics and they are intimately connected with Baxter's concept of commuting transfer matrices. This concept has culminated in the celebrated Yang-Baxter equation which plays a fundamental role for the construction of quantum integrable systems and also for obtaining their exact solution. Here I shall discuss a proposal that has been put forward in the past years, in which the Yang-Baxter algebra is viewed as a source of functional equations describing quantities of physical interest. For instance, this method has been successfully applied for the description of the spectrum of open spin chains, partition functions of elliptic models with domain wall boundaries and scalar product of Bethe vectors. Further applications of this method are also discussed.Functional equations methods are a fundamental part of the theory of Exactly Solvable Models in Statistical Mechanics and they are intimately connected with Baxter's concept of commuting transfer matrices. This concept has culminated in the celebrated Yang-Baxter equation which plays a fundamental role for the construction of quantum integrable systems and also for obtaining their exact solution. Here I shall discuss a proposal that has been put forward in the past years, in which the Yang-Baxter algebra is viewed as a source of functional equations describing quantities of physical interest. For instance, this method has been successfully applied for the description of the spectrum of open spin chains, partition functions of elliptic models with domain wall boundaries and scalar product of Bethe vectors. Further applications of this method are also discussed.

arXiv:1312.6816Journal of Physics Conference SeriesNov 29, 20138 citations

A new type of Yang-Baxter equation (YBE) for

R

-operators depending on three spectral parameters is constructed from the star-triangle relation for the chiral Potts model. As the

Z_N

symmetric generalization to the Ising model, its Boltzmann weights are known to depend on two variables describing a curve with genus larger than one for

N>2

, except for the self-dual point corresponding to the Fateev-Zamolodchikov chain. Combined with the fact that quantum Hamiltonians of edge-type models such as the Ising model contain both nearest-neighbor interaction and onsite potential terms, this leads naturally to an additional spectral parameter in the associated

R

-operator. The construction extends the edge-vertex correspondence of solvable lattice models, and provides a bridge between the Bazhanov-Stroganov four-parameter

R

-matrix---realized as an intertwiner of cyclic representations of

U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)

at a root of unity---and Shastry's two-parameter

R

-operator obtained from the decorated YBE.

It has been recently discovered in the context of the six vertex or XXZ model in the fundamental representation that new symmetries arise when the anisotropy parameter

(q+q^{-1})/2

is evaluated at roots of unity

q^{N}=1

. These new symmetries have been linked to an

U(A^{(1)}_1)

invariance of the transfer matrix and the corresponding spin-chain Hamiltonian.In this paper these results are generalized for odd primitive roots of unity to all vertex models associated with trigonometric solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation by invoking representation independent methods which only take the algebraic structure of the underlying quantum groups

U_q(\\hat g)

into account. Here

\\hat g

is an arbitrary Kac-Moody algebra. Employing the notion of the boost operator it is then found that the Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix of the integrable model are invariant under the action of

U(\\hat{g})

. For the simplest case

\\hat g=A_1^{(1)}

the discussion is also extended to even primitive roots of unity.

\mathfrak{G}

together with a map

π:\mathfrak{G}\to\operatorname{End}(V\otimes V)

for some vector space

V

such that the Yang-Baxter commutator

[[ π(u),π(w),π(v)]]=0

u,v\in\mathfrak{G}

are such that the groupoid composition

w=u\star v

is defined. An important role is played by an object map

Δ:\mathfrak{G}\to M

for some set

M

such that

Δ(u)=Δ(v')

Δ(w)=Δ(v)

and

Δ(w')=Δ(u')

, where

v\mapsto v'

is the groupoid inverse map. There are two main regimes of the six-vertex model: the free-fermionic point, and everything else. For the free-fermionic point, there exists a parametrized Yang-Baxter equation with a large parameter group

\operatorname{GL}(2)\times\operatorname{GL}(1)

. For non-free-fermionic six-vertex matrices, there are also well-known (group) parametrized Yang-Baxter equations, but these do not account for all possible interactions. Instead we will construct a groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equation that accounts for essentially all possible Yang-Baxter equations in the six-vertex model. We will also exhibit a separate groupoid for the five-vertex model. We will show how to construct solvable lattice models based on groupoid parametrized Yang-Baxter equations.