We construct a Banach manifold of states, which are Gibbs states for potentials that are form-bounded in the sense of Kato relative to the free Hamiltonian. We construct the (+1)-affine structure and the (+1)-affine connection in the sense of Amari.
Quantum information geometry studies families of quantum states by means of differential geometry. A new approach is followed with the intention to facilitate the introduction of a more general theory in subsequent work. To this purpose, the emphasis is shifted from a manifold of strictly positive density matrices to a manifold of faithful quantum states on the C*-algebra of bounded linear operators. In addition, ideas from the parameter-free approach to information geometry are adopted. The underlying Hilbert space is assumed to be finite-dimensional. In this way, technicalities are avoided so that strong results are obtained, which one can hope to prove later on in a more general context. Two different atlases are introduced, one in which it is straightforward to show that the quantum states form a Banach manifold, the other which is compatible with the inner product of Bogoliubov and which yields affine coordinates for the exponential connection.
Introduction The aim of information geometry is to introduce a suitable geometrical structure on families of probability distributions or quantum states. For parametrised statistical models, such structure is based on two fundamental notions: the Fisher information and the exponential family with its dual mixed parametrisation, see for example (Amari 1985, Amari and Nagaoka 2000). For the non-parametric situation, the solution was given by Pistone and Sempi (Pistone and Sempi 1995, Pistone and Rogantin 1999), who introduced a Banach manifold structure on the set P of probability distributions, equivalent to a given one. For each µ ∈ ρ, the authors considered the non-parametric exponential family at µ. As it turned out, this provides a C ∞ -atlas on ρ, with the exponential Orlicz spaces Lφ(µ) as the underlying Banach spaces, here φ is the Young function of the form φ(x) = cosh(x) — 1. The present contribution deals with the case of quantum states: we want to introduce a similar manifold structure on the set of faithful normal states of a von Neumann algebra M. Since there is no suitable definition of a non-commutative Orlicz space with respect to a state φ, it is not clear how to choose the Banach space for the manifold. Of course, there is a natural Banach space structure, inherited from the predualM. But, as it was already pointed out in (Streater 2004), this structure is not suitable to define the geometry of states: for example, any neighbourhood of a state φ contains states such that the relative entropy with respect to φ is infinite.
Let H 0 be a selfadjoint operator such that Tr e −βH 0 is of trace class for some β < 1, and let χ ɛ denote the set of ɛ-bounded forms, i.e., ∥(H 0 +C) −1/2−ɛ X(H 0 +C) −1/2+ɛ ∥ < C for some C > 0. Let χ := Span ∪ ɛ∈(0,1/2] χ ɛ . Let [Formula: see text] denote the underlying set of the quantum information manifold of states of the form ρ x = e −H 0 −X−ψx , X ∈ χ. We show that if Tr e −H 0 = 1. 1. the map Φ, [Formula: see text] is a quantum Young function defined on χ 2. The Orlicz space defined by Φ is the tangent space of [Formula: see text] at ρ 0 ; its affine structure is defined by the (+1)-connection of Amari 3. The subset of a ‘hood of ρ 0 , consisting of p-nearby states (those [Formula: see text] obeying C −1 ρ 1+p ≤ σ ≤ Cρ 1 − p for some C > 1) admits a flat affine connection known as the (−1) connection, and the span of this set is part of the cotangent space of [Formula: see text] 4. These dual structures extend to the completions in the Luxemburg norms.