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Thermodynamic deficiencies of some simple Lindblad operators

Jürgen T. Stockburger, Thomas Motz

Master equations of Lindblad type have attained prominent status in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information since they are guaranteed to satisfy fundamental notions of quantum dynamics such as complete positivity. When Lindblad operators are used to describe thermal reservoirs in contact with an open quantum system, the fundamental laws of thermodynamics and the fluctuation‐dissipation theorem provide additional mandatory criteria. We show several examples of innocent‐looking Lindblad operators which have questionable properties in this regard. Compatibility criteria between Hamiltonian and Lindblad terms as well as consequences of their violation are discussed. An alternative stochastic approach to dissipative quantum dynamics is outlined and illustrated through a harmonic‐chain model for which the approach of local Lindblad operators fails.Master equations of Lindblad type have attained prominent status in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information since they are guaranteed to satisfy fundamental notions of quantum dynamics such as complete positivity. When Lindblad operators are used to describe thermal reservoirs in contact with an open quantum system, the fundamental laws of thermodynamics and the fluctuation‐dissipation theorem provide additional mandatory criteria. We show several examples of innocent‐looking Lindblad operators which have questionable properties in this regard. Compatibility criteria between Hamiltonian and Lindblad terms as well as consequences of their violation are discussed. An alternative stochastic approach to dissipative quantum dynamics is outlined and illustrated through a harmonic‐chain model for which the approach of local Lindblad operators fails.

arXiv:1606.04326Fortschritte der PhysikNov 11, 201661 citations

New Second Law of Thermodynamics

Princeton University Press eBooksJan 28, 20250 citations

The zeroth law of thermodynamics

Alberto Frigerio, Vittorio Gorini, Maurizio Verri

Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its ApplicationsSep 1, 19864 citations

Quantum limits to the second law : first international conference on quantum limits to the second law, San Diego, California 28-31 July 2002

Daniel P. Sheehan

The Second Law of Thermodynamics (the law of increasing disorder) is fundamental to all the sciences and is considered inviolable by the general scientific community. This volume represents the first book in an emerging renaissance of second law studies. It covers the first international conference in more than 100 years - and perhaps, ever - to explore challenges to the second law's absolute status and to many unresolved foundational issues surrounding it. These collected papers represent work by more than 100 researchers from over 25 countries, many of whom are prominent in the fields of classical and quantum statistical thermodynamics. Much of the research is original and, if verified by the scientific community, could lead to paradigm shifts in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.The Second Law of Thermodynamics (the law of increasing disorder) is fundamental to all the sciences and is considered inviolable by the general scientific community. This volume represents the first book in an emerging renaissance of second law studies. It covers the first international conference in more than 100 years - and perhaps, ever - to explore challenges to the second law's absolute status and to many unresolved foundational issues surrounding it. These collected papers represent work by more than 100 researchers from over 25 countries, many of whom are prominent in the fields of classical and quantum statistical thermodynamics. Much of the research is original and, if verified by the scientific community, could lead to paradigm shifts in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.

AIP eBooksJan 1, 20020 citations

Quantum crystals are at odds with the laws of thermodynamics

F. Fillaux

Experimental data and the principles of quantum mechanics suggest that a crystal is a condensate of `wavicles' enclosed in a box, where `wavicle' denotes the indefinite wave-particle status of the microscopic constituents. When it is not perturbed the crystal is in a classical-like state. The wavefunction, the internal energy and the entropy are all of them equal to zero. The thermodynamic temperature is indefinite. Perturbations via energy- and/or momentum-transfer reveal quantum effects. The temperature laws for the heat capacities of some hydrogen-bonded crystals are rationalized with superposition states depending on the quantum temperature which is crystal-dependent. Heat-transfer is a coherent anentropic process. Apart from energy conservation, the other laws of thermodynamics are irrelevant.Experimental data and the principles of quantum mechanics suggest that a crystal is a condensate of `wavicles' enclosed in a box, where `wavicle' denotes the indefinite wave-particle status of the microscopic constituents. When it is not perturbed the crystal is in a classical-like state. The wavefunction, the internal energy and the entropy are all of them equal to zero. The thermodynamic temperature is indefinite. Perturbations via energy- and/or momentum-transfer reveal quantum effects. The temperature laws for the heat capacities of some hydrogen-bonded crystals are rationalized with superposition states depending on the quantum temperature which is crystal-dependent. Heat-transfer is a coherent anentropic process. Apart from energy conservation, the other laws of thermodynamics are irrelevant.

arXiv:1811.09983Nov 25, 20180 citations

Thermodynamics of physical observers

Daimer, Dorian

Jan 1, 20250 citations

Status of the Fundamental Laws of Thermodynamics

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