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arXiv:math-ph/0511072 · Reviews in Mathematical Physics

SCALING ALGEBRAS AND SUPERSELECTION SECTORS: STUDY OF A CLASS OF MODELS

Claudio D’Antoni, Gerardo Morsella

Published Jun 1, 2006• 10 citations
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Abstract

We analyze a class of quantum field theory models illustrating some of the possibilities that have emerged in the general study of the short distance properties of superselection sectors, performed in a previous paper (together with R. Verch). In particular, we show that for each pair (G, N), with G a compact Lie group and N a closed normal subgroup, there is a net of observable algebras which has (a subset of) DHR sectors in 1-1 correspondence with classes of irreducible representations of G, and such that only the sectors corresponding to representations of G/N are preserved in the scaling limit. In the way of achieving this result, we derive sufficient conditions under which the scaling limit of a tensor product theory coincides with the product of the scaling limit theories.

DOI
10.1142/s0129055x06002723

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The method of scaling algebras, which has been introduced earlier as a means for analyzing the short-distance behaviour of quantum field theories in the setting of the model-independent, operator-algebraic approach, is extended to the case of fields carrying superselection charges. A criterion for the preservance of superselection charges in the short-distance scaling limit is proposed. Consequences of this preservance of superselection charges are studied. The conjugate charge of a preserved charge is also preserved, and the preservance of all charges of a quantum field theory in the scaling limit leads to equivalence of local and global intertwiners between superselection sectors.
For any given algebra of local observables in Minkowski space an associated scaling algebra is constructed on which renormalization group (scaling) transformations act in a canonical manner. The method can be carried over to arbitrary space-time manifolds and provides a framework for the systematic analysis of the short distance properties of local quantum field theories. It is shown that every theory has a (possibly non-unique) scaling limit which can be classified according to its classical or quantum nature. Dilation invariant theories are stable under the action of the renormalization group. Within this framework the problem of wedge (Bisognano-Wichmann) duality in the scaling limit is discussed and some of its physical implications are outlined.
Short distance scaling limits of a class of integrable models on two-dimensional Minkowski space are considered in the algebraic framework of quantum field theory. Making use of the wedge-local quantum fields generating these models, it is shown that massless scaling limit theories exist, and decompose into (twisted) tensor products of chiral, translation-dilation covariant field theories. On the subspace which is generated from the vacuum by the observables localized in finite light ray intervals, this symmetry can be extended to the M\\"obius group. The structure of the interval-localized algebras in the chiral models is discussed in two explicit examples.
Abstract In the previous sections we treated the irreducible representation space associated with the vacuum state. In this chapter we treat other representation spaces necessary to describe particle systems with the vacuum as a background. Such representation spaces are characterized as transportable localized excitations on the vacuum background. If we assume Haag’s duality of the vacuum representation, such a localized excitation is described by a localized endomorphism of the observables and its equivalence classes correspond to different representations called sectors(eigensubspaces of the superselection rules in each of which unrestricted superposition principle holds). From the discussion about composition and conjugation of localized endomorphisms, we define the statistics (of a sector) which represents the behaviour of more than two equivalent localized excitations under permutation, and we derive the connection of spin and statistics. We also introduce the lattice of local field algebras as operators intertwining different sectors, and the gauge group acting on them. Then the local observable algebras are the gauge invariant part of the local field algebras and sectors are inequivalent representations of the gauge group. The local field algebras can be chosen to satisfy the standard commutation or anticommutation relations between space-like separated regions and we can derive the connection of spin and statistics of sectors. In this way we obtain a deep understanding of the reason why Fermi fields in spatially separated regions anticommute.
Abstract We study a commutant-closed collection of von Neumann algebras acting on a common Hilbert space indexed by a poset with an order-reversing involution. We give simple geometric axioms for the poset which allow us to construct a braided tensor category of superselection sectors analogous to the construction of Gabbiani and Fröhlich for conformal nets. For cones in R2\mathbb {R}^2R2 R 2 , we weaken our conditions to a bounded spread version of Haag duality and obtain similar results. We show that intertwined nets of algebras have isomorphic braided tensor categories of superselection sectors. Finally, we show that the categories constructed here are equivalent to those constructed by Naaijkens and Ogata for certain 2D quantum spin systems.