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arXiv:math-ph/0201029 · Journal of Statistical Physics

The Equilibrium States for a Model with Two Kinds of Bose Condensation

J.-B. Bru, Bruno Nachtergaele, Valentin Anatol'evich Zagrebnov

Published Oct 1, 2002• 12 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1023/a:1019935511359

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We calculate exactly the equilibrium properties of a large system consisting of two kinds of Bose particles, a and b, that can be transformed into each other by an external field. The enhancement in the specific heat around the threshold (internal excitation) energy of the b particles is studied as a function of the external field strength, and the mass–action law is derived. Bose–Einstein condensation can occur in our mixture of reacting gases at a transition temperature lower than that of a one-component ideal gas. Also, the condensate occupancy increases faster than T3/2 as the temperature is lowered.
We study the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the condensate of a Bose gas. In an earlier paper we considered the problem for two simple models showing the cooperative effect between Bose-Einstein condensation and superradiance. In this paper we formalise the model suggested by Ketterle et al in which the Bose condensate particles have a two level structure. We present a soluble microscopic Dicke type model describing a thermodynamically stable system. We find the equilibrium states of the system and compute the thermodynamic functions giving explicit formulae expressing the cooperative effect between Bose-Einstein condensation and superradiance.