We study a many-body system consisting of
N identical anyons in an external harmonic-oscillator potential. A partial set of exact solutions is obtained by using Jacobi coordinates. For completing the full investigation, we employ a perturbative method to compute those spectra, which have not been analytically obtained. Near the boson limit, we point out that the requirement of the boson being hard core is needed for performing the perturbative calculations, and the first-order
N-anyon ground-state energies are explicitly presented by using a proper regulation procedure. Up to third perturbative order from the fermion limit, the three-anyon ground-state energy corrections are explicitly presented. Finally we compute the first-order three-anyon ground-state wave function near the fermion limit.
We show that the low-lying spectrum of three noninteracting anyons in a harmonic potential can be qualitatively and quantitatively understood on the basis of a simple set of analytic wave functions. These wave functions are exact in both the boson and fermion limits and satisfy the anyone wave-function phase condition at all intermediate values of the statistical parameter 01. The resulting nonlinear spectrum agrees with those of exact numerical calculations to better than a few parts in a thousand.
Using an anyon-fermion mapping method, we investigate the ground-state properties of hard-core anyons confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap. The concise analytical formula of the reduced one-body density matrix is obtained. Based on this formula, we evaluated the momentum distribution, the natural orbitals, and their occupation distributions for different statistical parameters. The occupation and occupation fraction of the lowest natural orbital versus anyon number are also displayed. It is shown that the ground-state properties of anyons interplay between bosons and fermions continuously. We can expect that the hard-core anyons of larger statistical parameters exhibit similar properties to the hard-core bosons although anyon systems satisfy specific fractional statistics.
We study a one-dimensional system of interacting anyons with short-range interactions under external confinement. This model, which describes anyons with zero-range
s-wave and
p-wave scattering interactions in the strong interaction regime, continuously interpolates between spin-polarized fermions with
p-wave interactions and free bosons. At zero temperature, the correlation functions decay exponentially with distance, with oscillations governed by the statistics parameter. The decay rate is maximal for
p-wave fermions and decreases monotonically as the statistics parameter approaches the bosonic limit, where it vanishes. The momentum distribution is asymmetric, a hallmark of one-dimensional anyons, and takes the form of a shifted Lorentzian with universal power-law tails, ${lim}_{k\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\ensuremath{\infty}}n(k)\ensuremath{\sim}C/{k}^{2}$. We prove analytically that, following release from a harmonic trap, the asymptotic momentum distribution converges to that of free bosons in the same trap, a phenomenon known as dynamical bosonization. We also establish the universality of the ground-state
n-particle reduced density matrices: their natural occupations are independent of the confining potential, while the associated natural
n-point functions for different confinements are related through a simple analytical transformation. In particular, for the one-particle reduced density matrix, we derive exact expressions for both the natural occupations and the natural orbitals at arbitrary particle number. These results extend and unify earlier partial findings for
p-wave fermions, and they provide a clear conceptual explanation of the double degeneracy observed in their spectrum.