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arXiv:hep-th/0702022

Classical Dynamics of Quantum Numbers with Arrow of Time

Vadim V. Asadov, Oleg V. Kechkin

Published Feb 3, 2007• 1 citation
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Abstract

We study a quantum theory with complex time parameter and non-Hermitian Hamiltonian structure. In this theory, the real part of the complex time is equal to `usual' physical time, whereas the imaginary one is proportional to inverse absolute temperature of the system. Then, the Hermitian part of the Hamiltonian coincides with conventional operator of energy; the anti-Hermitian part, which is taken as a symmetry operator, defines decay parameters of the theory. We integrate the equations of motion in a Hamiltonian proper basis, and detect a classical dynamics of the corresponding quantum numbers, using their continuous approximation and the zero limit of the Plank's constant. It is proved, that this dynamics possesses a well defined arrow of time in the isothermal and adiabatic regimes of the thermodynamical evolution of the system.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0702022

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We study a quantum theory with complex time parameter and non-Hermitian Hamiltonian structure. In this theory, the real part of the complex time is equal to `usual' physical time, whereas the imaginary one is proportional to inverse absolute temperature of the system. Then, the Hermitian part of the Hamiltonian coincides with conventional operator of energy; the anti-Hermitian part, which is taken as a symmetry operator, defines decay parameters of the theory. We integrate the equations of motion in a Hamiltonian proper basis, and detect a classical dynamics of the corresponding quantum numbers, using their continuous approximation and the zero limit of the Plank's constant. It is proved, that this dynamics possesses a well defined arrow of time in the isothermal and adiabatic regimes of the thermodynamical evolution of the system.
It is shown, that quantum theory with complex evolutionary time parameter and non-Hermitian Hamiltonian structure can be used for natural unification of quantum and thermodynamic principles. The theory is postulated as analytical in respect to the parameter of evolution, which real part is identified with the `usual' physical time, whereas the imaginary one is understood as proportional to the inverse absolute temperature. Also, the Hermitian part of the Hamiltonian is put equal to conventional operator of energy. It is shown, that the anti-Hermitian Hamiltonian part, which is taken as commuting with the energy operator, is constructed from parameters of decay of the system. It is established, that quantum dynamics, predicted by this theory, is integrable in the same sense as the corresponding non-modified one, and that it possesses a well defined arrow of time in isothermal and adiabatic regimes of the evolution. It is proved, that average value of the decay operator decreases monotonously (as the function of the physical time) in these important thermodynamical regimes for the arbitrary initial data taken. We discuss possible application of the general formalism developed to construction of time-irreversible modification of a string theory.
We present a modified quantum dynamics with a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian ≠ + , and a complex parameter of evolution. The theory is developed with [ + , ] = κ 2 , where κ is the new fundamental constant. It is shown that this theory loses its symmetry in the case of κ ≠ 0. We demonstrate that this theory allows a thermodynamical interpretation and possesses an 'arrow of time' for isothermal and adiabatic regimes of evolution. A realization of this theory is a modified four-dimensional Dirac spinor system, which appears non-local in the physical three-dimensional space.
The quantum mechanics with a stationary non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and a complex evolution parameter, as well as its classical limit with nontrivial correlations have been studied. The corresponding dynamics is shown to be irreversible for the isothermal and adiabatic regimes of quantum and classical evolution. The possibility of a universal relationship between irreversibility and dynamical parity violation in the system has been established. The mechanism of gravity generation by the distribution of correlations in a free theory is demonstrated.
We present a relativistic quantum mechanics of a point mass with absolute thermodynamic time and temperature, combined to a single complex parameter of evolution. In this theory, the geometric time is introduced as one of space-time coordinates; it does not coincide with the thermodynamic time on the kinematical level. It is established, that the theory allows a consistent dynamics with nontrivial probability density at the limit ℏ→0\hbar\to 0ℏ→0. We identify this dynamics with the classical one, and prove its relativistic invariance. It is shown, that the thermodynamical time becomes proportional to the proper time of the point mass in the conventional classical regime of its evolution with the delta-functional distribution of the probability density.
It is shown, that parity violation in quantum systems can be a natural result of their dynamical evolution. The corresponding (completely integrable) formalism is based on the use of quantum theory with complex time and non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. It is demonstrated, that starting with total symmetry between left and right states at the initial time, one obtains strictly polarized system at the time infinity. The increasing left-right asymmetry detects a presence of well-defined arrow of time in evolution of the system. We discuss possible application of the general formalism developed to construction of modified irreversible dynamics of massless Dirac fields (in framework of superstring theory, for example).