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arXiv:hep-th/0304207 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

A matrix model for bilayered quantum Hall systems

Ahmed Jellal, Michael Schreiber

Published Feb 18, 2004• 4 citations
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Abstract

We develop a matrix model to describe bilayered quantum Hall fluids for a series of filling factors. Considering two coupling layers, and starting from a corresponding action, we construct its vacuum configuration at ν = q i K −1 ij q j , where K ij is a 2 × 2 matrix and q i is a vector. Our model allows us to reproduce several well-known wavefunctions. We show that the wavefunction Ψ ( m , m , n ) constructed years ago by Yoshioka, MacDonald and Girvin for the fractional quantum Hall effect at filling factor and in particular Ψ (3,3,1) at filling can be obtained from our vacuum configuration. The unpolarized Halperin wavefunction and especially that for the fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor can also be recovered from our approach. Generalization to more than two layers is straightforward.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/37/9/007

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We develop a matrix model to describe bilayered quantum Hall fluids for a series of filling factors. Considering two coupling layers, and starting from a corresponding action, we construct its vacuum configuration at ν = q i K −1 ij q j , where K ij is a 2 × 2 matrix and q i is a vector. Our model allows us to reproduce several well-known wavefunctions. We show that the wavefunction Ψ ( m , m , n ) constructed years ago by Yoshioka, MacDonald and Girvin for the fractional quantum Hall effect at filling factor and in particular Ψ (3,3,1) at filling can be obtained from our vacuum configuration. The unpolarized Halperin wavefunction and especially that for the fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor can also be recovered from our approach. Generalization to more than two layers is straightforward.
We develop a matrix model to describe bilayered quantum Hall fluids for a series of filling factors. Considering two coupling layers, and starting from a corresponding action, we construct its vacuum configuration at \\nu=q_iK_{ij}^{-1}q_j, where K_{ij} is a 2\\times 2 matrix and q_i is a vector. Our model allows us to reproduce several well-known wave functions. We show that the wave function \\Psi_{(m,m,n)} constructed years ago by Yoshioka, MacDonald and Girvin for the fractional quantum Hall effect at filling factor {2\\over m+n} and in particular \\Psi_{(3,3,1)} at filling {1\\over 2} can be obtained from our vacuum configuration. The unpolarized Halperin wave function and especially that for the fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor {2\\over 5} can also be recovered from our approach. Generalization to more than 2 layers is straightforward.
We have developed a matrix model for FQH states at filling factor ν_{k_1k_2} going beyond the Laughlin theory. To illustrate our idea, we have considered an FQH system of a finite number N=(N_{1}+N_{2}) of electrons with filling factor ν_{k_{1}k_{2}} = ν_{p_{1}p_{2}}=\frac{p_{2}}{p_{1}p_{2}-1}; p_{1} is an odd integer and p_{2} is an even integer. The ν_{p_{1}p_{2}} series corresponds just to the level two of the Haldane hierarchy; it recovers the Laughlin series ν_{p_{1}} =\frac{1}{p_{1}} by going to the limit p_{2} large and contains several observable FQH states such as ν= 2/3, 2/5, >....
The phase diagrams and phase transitions of a typical bilayer fractional quantum Hall (QH) system with filling factor ν = 2/3 at the layer balanced point are investigated theoretically by finite size exact-diagonalization calculations and an exactly solvable model. We find some basic features essentially different from the bilayer integer QH systems at ν = 2, reflecting the special characteristics of the fractional QH systems. The degeneracy of the ground states occurs depending on the difference between intralayer and interlayer Coulomb energies, when interlayer tunneling energy (ΔSAS) gets close to zero. The continuous transitions of the finite size systems between the spin-polarized and spin-unpolarized phases are determined by the competition between the Zeeman energy (ΔZ) and the electron Coulomb energy, and are almost not affected by ΔSAS.
We examine the quantum phase diagram of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) in the lowest two Landau levels in half-filled bilayer structures as a function of tunneling strength and layer separation, i.e., we revisit the lowest Landau-level filling factor 1/2 bilayer problem and make predictions involving bilayers in the half-filled second Landau level (i.e., filling factor 5/2). Using numerical exact diagonalization we investigate the important question of whether this system supports a FQHE described by the non-Abelian Moore-Read Pfaffian state in the strong-tunneling regime. In the lowest Landau level, we find that although, in principle, increasing (decreasing) tunneling strength (layer separation) could lead to a transition from the Abelian two-component Halperin 331 to non-Abelian one-component Moore-Read Pfaffian state, the FQHE excitation gap is relatively small in the lowest Landau level Pfaffian regime, and we establish that all so far observed FQHE states in half-filled lowest Landau level bilayers are most likely described by the Abelian Halperin 331 state. In the second Landau level we make the prediction that bilayer structures would manifest two distinct branches of incompressible FQHE corresponding to the Abelian 331 state (at moderate to low tunneling and large layer separation) and the non-Abelian Moore-Read Pfaffian state (at large tunneling and small layer separation). The observation of these two FQHE branches and the possible quantum phase transition between them will be compelling evidence supporting the existence of the non-Abelian Moore-Read Pfaffian state in the second Landau level. We discuss our results in the context of existing experiments and theoretical works.
We consider the anisotropic effect in the quantum Hall systems by applying a confining potential that is not of parabolic type. This can be done by extending Susskind--Polychronakos's approach to involve the matrices of two coupled harmonic oscillators. Starting from its action, we employ a unitary transformation to diagonalize the model. The operators for building up the anisotropic ground state and creating the collective excitations can be constructed explicitly. Evaluating the area of the quantum Hall droplet, we obtain the corresponding filling factor which is found to depend on the anisotropy parameter and to vary with the magnetic field strength. This can be used to obtain the observed anisotropic filling factors, i.e. {9\over 2}, {11\over 2} and others.