Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:cond-mat/9908378 · Physical Review A

Supercurrent stability in a quasi-one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas

Yu. Kagan, Nikolay V. Prokof'ev, Boris V. Svistunov

Published Mar 2, 2000• 50 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We discuss the possibility of observing superfluid phenomena in a quasi-one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas at finite temperature. The weakness of interaction in combination with generic properties of one-dimensional liquids can result in a situation where the relaxation time of the supercurrent flow is much longer than the system lifetime, and the behavior of the system is indistinguishable from that of a genuine superfluid.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.61.045601

Related papers

Quasi-one-dimensional superfluidity in Bose systems

S. I. Shevchenko

The theory of superfluidity of bosons in narrow channels forming a network in space is constructed. It is shown that the temperature Tc of superfluidity transition, below which the system has a long-range order, is equal to h2n/Ml in order of magnitude (here, n is the one-dimensional density of bosons of mass M and l the characteristic length of a link in the network). A generalization of the Ginzburg–Gross–Pitaevskii (GGP) equation permitting an analysis of the decay of current state is proposed. The relaxation time τ for the current state at T > Tc is estimated. It is shown that for a flow velocity υ→0, the relaxation time τ ∝ exp (ħnc/T), where c is the velocity of sound. For ħnc ≫ T ≫ Tc, the supercurrent decay time is astronomically large and quasisuperfluidity cannot be distinguished from true superfluidity in spite of the absence of a long-range order.

Soviet Journal of Low Temperature Physics•Oct 1, 1988•30 citations

Decay of superfluid currents in the interacting one-dimensional Bose gas

Alexander Yu. Cherny, Jean-Sébastien Caux, Joachim Brand

We examine the superfluid properties of a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in a ring trap based on the model of Lieb and Liniger. While the 1D Bose gas has nonclassical rotational inertia and exhibits quantization of velocities, the metastability of currents depends sensitively on the strength of interactions in the gas: the stronger the interactions, the faster the current decays. It is shown that the Landau critical velocity is zero in the thermodynamic limit due to the first supercurrent state, which has zero energy and finite probability of excitation. We calculate the energy dissipation rate of ring currents in the presence of weak defects, which should be observable on experimental time scales.

arXiv:0906.2314•Physical Review A•Oct 9, 2009•19 citations

Trapped one-dimensional Bose gas as a Luttinger liquid

H. Monien, Marion Linn, N. Elstner

The low-energy fluctuations of a trapped, interacting quasi-one-dimensional Bose gas are studied. Our considerations apply to experiments with highly anisotropic traps. We show that under suitable experimental conditions the system can be described as a Luttinger liquid. This implies that the correlation function of the bosons decays algebraically, preventing Bose-Einstein condensation. At significantly lower temperatures a finite-size gap destroys the Luttinger liquid picture and Bose-Einstein condensation is again possible.

arXiv:cond-mat/9711178•Physical Review A•Nov 1, 1998•58 citations

Conclusion

Philippe Nozières, David Pines

This chapter concludes the study of superfluidity in Bose liquids with a brief summary of the strengths, and of the inadequacies, of the theory. A clear understanding of the static and the long wavelength dynamic properties of an equilibrium Bose liquid, including a microscopic basis for the two-fluid model. Variational calculations of the excitation spectrum of liquid He II, which are in good quantitative agreement with experiment. A satisfactory phenomenological treatment of the interactions between elementary excitations which give rise to various irreversible phenomena. A microscopic theory of the ground state and elementary excitation spectrum of liquid He II; in fact, even the theory of the simple dilute Bose gas has not yet been extended to treat the system at finite temperatures, and under non-equilibrium situations. A clear understanding of a number of "vortex" properties, including the critical current for superfluid flow in thin capillaries.

CRC Press eBooks•Mar 5, 2018•0 citations

Superfluidity of the 1D Bose gas

Iacopo Carusotto, Yvan Castin

We have investigated the superfluid properties of a ring of weakly interacting and degenerate 1D Bose gas at thermal equilibrium with a rotating vessel. The conventional definition of superfluidity predicts that the gas has a significant superfluid fraction only in the Bose condensed regime. In the opposite regime, it is found that a superfluid behaviour can still be identified when the probability distribution of the total momentum of the gas has a multi-peaked structure, revealing unambiguously the existence of ‘superfluid’ supercurrent states that did not show up in the conventional definition of superfluidity.

arXiv:cond-mat/0311601•Comptes Rendus Physique•Jan 1, 2004•15 citations

The excitation spectrum in a weakly interacting bose gas

Nizom Taylanov, Z. Kanokov, S Kh Urinov

Abstract In the work the problem of phenomenon of superfluidity is considered within the framework of Bose-Einshtein condensation, theoretically. We discuss the main features of the excitation spectrum in a weakly interacting Bose gas. Our analysis will show that the healing length, which determines the length scale below which collective phenomena are physically more relevant than free-particle-like ones. Since the weakly interacting gas of Bose particles has been mapped onto a gas of noninteracting quasiparticles, we are able to analyze the thermodynamics of the system and find how temperature affect the depletion of the condensate.

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering•May 1, 2020•0 citations
We discuss the possibility of observing superfluid phenomena in a quasi-one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas at finite temperature. The weakness of interaction in combination with generic properties of one-dimensional liquids can result in a situation where the relaxation time of the supercurrent flow is much longer than the system lifetime, and the behavior of the system is indistinguishable from that of a genuine superfluid.
The theory of superfluidity of bosons in narrow channels forming a network in space is constructed. It is shown that the temperature Tc of superfluidity transition, below which the system has a long-range order, is equal to h2n/Ml in order of magnitude (here, n is the one-dimensional density of bosons of mass M and l the characteristic length of a link in the network). A generalization of the Ginzburg–Gross–Pitaevskii (GGP) equation permitting an analysis of the decay of current state is proposed. The relaxation time τ for the current state at T > Tc is estimated. It is shown that for a flow velocity υ→0, the relaxation time τ ∝ exp (ħnc/T), where c is the velocity of sound. For ħnc ≫ T ≫ Tc, the supercurrent decay time is astronomically large and quasisuperfluidity cannot be distinguished from true superfluidity in spite of the absence of a long-range order.
We examine the superfluid properties of a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in a ring trap based on the model of Lieb and Liniger. While the 1D Bose gas has nonclassical rotational inertia and exhibits quantization of velocities, the metastability of currents depends sensitively on the strength of interactions in the gas: the stronger the interactions, the faster the current decays. It is shown that the Landau critical velocity is zero in the thermodynamic limit due to the first supercurrent state, which has zero energy and finite probability of excitation. We calculate the energy dissipation rate of ring currents in the presence of weak defects, which should be observable on experimental time scales.
The low-energy fluctuations of a trapped, interacting quasi-one-dimensional Bose gas are studied. Our considerations apply to experiments with highly anisotropic traps. We show that under suitable experimental conditions the system can be described as a Luttinger liquid. This implies that the correlation function of the bosons decays algebraically, preventing Bose-Einstein condensation. At significantly lower temperatures a finite-size gap destroys the Luttinger liquid picture and Bose-Einstein condensation is again possible.
This chapter concludes the study of superfluidity in Bose liquids with a brief summary of the strengths, and of the inadequacies, of the theory. A clear understanding of the static and the long wavelength dynamic properties of an equilibrium Bose liquid, including a microscopic basis for the two-fluid model. Variational calculations of the excitation spectrum of liquid He II, which are in good quantitative agreement with experiment. A satisfactory phenomenological treatment of the interactions between elementary excitations which give rise to various irreversible phenomena. A microscopic theory of the ground state and elementary excitation spectrum of liquid He II; in fact, even the theory of the simple dilute Bose gas has not yet been extended to treat the system at finite temperatures, and under non-equilibrium situations. A clear understanding of a number of "vortex" properties, including the critical current for superfluid flow in thin capillaries.
We have investigated the superfluid properties of a ring of weakly interacting and degenerate 1D Bose gas at thermal equilibrium with a rotating vessel. The conventional definition of superfluidity predicts that the gas has a significant superfluid fraction only in the Bose condensed regime. In the opposite regime, it is found that a superfluid behaviour can still be identified when the probability distribution of the total momentum of the gas has a multi-peaked structure, revealing unambiguously the existence of ‘superfluid’ supercurrent states that did not show up in the conventional definition of superfluidity.
Abstract In the work the problem of phenomenon of superfluidity is considered within the framework of Bose-Einshtein condensation, theoretically. We discuss the main features of the excitation spectrum in a weakly interacting Bose gas. Our analysis will show that the healing length, which determines the length scale below which collective phenomena are physically more relevant than free-particle-like ones. Since the weakly interacting gas of Bose particles has been mapped onto a gas of noninteracting quasiparticles, we are able to analyze the thermodynamics of the system and find how temperature affect the depletion of the condensate.