Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:cond-mat/0311601 · Comptes Rendus Physique

Superfluidity of the 1D Bose gas

Iacopo Carusotto, Yvan Castin

Published Jan 1, 2004• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We have investigated the superfluid properties of a ring of weakly interacting and degenerate 1D Bose gas at thermal equilibrium with a rotating vessel. The conventional definition of superfluidity predicts that the gas has a significant superfluid fraction only in the Bose condensed regime. In the opposite regime, it is found that a superfluid behaviour can still be identified when the probability distribution of the total momentum of the gas has a multi-peaked structure, revealing unambiguously the existence of ‘superfluid’ supercurrent states that did not show up in the conventional definition of superfluidity.

DOI
10.1016/j.crhy.2004.01.007

Related papers

Superfluidity of an Ideal Bose-Einstein Gas

John M. Blatt, S. T. Butler

An equilibrium superfluid is defined as a substance whose moment of inertia in thermal equilibrium is less than the classical value. The ideal Bose-Einstein gas below its transition temperature is shown to be an equilibrium superfluid. However, a more detailed analysis of the relation between angular momentum and angular velocity shows that experiments carried out with practical angular momenta and velocities would give an abnormally large apparent moment of inertia in thermal equilibrium, i.e., the gas would appear to be an "infrafluid." Nevertheless, a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein gas can be used as a model of a superfluid, if the superfluid state is assumed to be metastable rather than the thermodynamic equilibrium state.

Physical Review•Oct 15, 1955•55 citations

Decay of superfluid currents in the interacting one-dimensional Bose gas

Alexander Yu. Cherny, Jean-Sébastien Caux, Joachim Brand

We examine the superfluid properties of a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in a ring trap based on the model of Lieb and Liniger. While the 1D Bose gas has nonclassical rotational inertia and exhibits quantization of velocities, the metastability of currents depends sensitively on the strength of interactions in the gas: the stronger the interactions, the faster the current decays. It is shown that the Landau critical velocity is zero in the thermodynamic limit due to the first supercurrent state, which has zero energy and finite probability of excitation. We calculate the energy dissipation rate of ring currents in the presence of weak defects, which should be observable on experimental time scales.

arXiv:0906.2314•Physical Review A•Oct 9, 2009•19 citations

Weakly interacting disordered Bose gases out of equilibrium: From multiple scattering to superfluidity (a)

Thibault Scoquart, Pierre-Élie Larré, Dominique Delande +1 more

Abstract We explore the quench dynamics of a two-dimensional, weakly interacting disordered Bose gas for various relative strengths of interactions and disorder. This allows us to identify two well distinct out-of-equilibrium regimes. When interactions are smaller than the disorder, the gas experiences multiple scattering and exhibits a short-range spatial coherence. At short time this coherence is only smoothly affected by interactions, via a diffusion process of the particles' energies. When interactions are larger than the disorder, scattering ceases and the gas behaves more and more like a fluid, ultimately like a superfluid at low energy. In the superfluid regime, the gas exhibits a long-range algebraic coherence, characteristic of a pre-thermal regime in disorder.

arXiv:2012.05526•Europhysics Letters (EPL)•Dec 1, 2020•16 citations

Supercurrent stability in a quasi-one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas

Yu. Kagan, Nikolay V. Prokof'ev, Boris V. Svistunov

We discuss the possibility of observing superfluid phenomena in a quasi-one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas at finite temperature. The weakness of interaction in combination with generic properties of one-dimensional liquids can result in a situation where the relaxation time of the supercurrent flow is much longer than the system lifetime, and the behavior of the system is indistinguishable from that of a genuine superfluid.

arXiv:cond-mat/9908378•Physical Review A•Mar 2, 2000•50 citations

Superfluidity versus Bose-Einstein condensation in a Bose gas with disorder

G. E. Astrakharchik, Jordi Boronat, J. Casulleras +1 more

We investigate the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity in a Bose gas at zero temperature with disorder. By using the diffusion Monte Carlo method, we calculate the superfluid and the condensate fraction of the system as a function of density and strength of disorder. In the regime of weak disorder we find agreement with the analytical results obtained within the Bogoliubov model. For strong disorder the system enters an unusual regime where the superfluid fraction is smaller than the condensate fraction.

arXiv:cond-mat/0111165•Physical Review A•Aug 9, 2002•91 citations

Thermal and superfluid properties of the two-dimensional Bose gas

Rémi Desbuquois, Jean Dalibard

The physical properties of a homogeneous system at the thermodynamic equilibrium are strongly constrained by its dimensionality. In this respect, the two dimensional Bose gas constitutes a particularly interesting system: while it is impossible to observe a long range order at non-zero temperatures, there exists nevertheless a phase transition to a superfluid state at low temperatures. Furthermore, owing to the reduced dimensionality, the equation of state of the weakly interacting two-dimensional Bose gas is scale invariant. In this thesis, we present an experimental study of the two-dimensional Bose gas. We measure its equation of state with two different methods, and find a good agreement with analytic and numerical predictions. These results confirm as well the scale invariance of the system. Furthermore, one of the methods allows for a determination of the equation of state with a single adjustable parameter. We then characterize the superfluid response of the system., by showing evidence for a dissipationless response of the system to a moving perturbation. Finally, we analyze the fluctuations dynamics of the 2D Bose gas, which confirms both the suppression of density fluctuations in the superfluid phase, and the dominating contribution of phonons to the phase fluctuations.

•Jan 1, 2013•0 citations
We have investigated the superfluid properties of a ring of weakly interacting and degenerate 1D Bose gas at thermal equilibrium with a rotating vessel. The conventional definition of superfluidity predicts that the gas has a significant superfluid fraction only in the Bose condensed regime. In the opposite regime, it is found that a superfluid behaviour can still be identified when the probability distribution of the total momentum of the gas has a multi-peaked structure, revealing unambiguously the existence of ‘superfluid’ supercurrent states that did not show up in the conventional definition of superfluidity.
An equilibrium superfluid is defined as a substance whose moment of inertia in thermal equilibrium is less than the classical value. The ideal Bose-Einstein gas below its transition temperature is shown to be an equilibrium superfluid. However, a more detailed analysis of the relation between angular momentum and angular velocity shows that experiments carried out with practical angular momenta and velocities would give an abnormally large apparent moment of inertia in thermal equilibrium, i.e., the gas would appear to be an "infrafluid." Nevertheless, a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein gas can be used as a model of a superfluid, if the superfluid state is assumed to be metastable rather than the thermodynamic equilibrium state.
We examine the superfluid properties of a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in a ring trap based on the model of Lieb and Liniger. While the 1D Bose gas has nonclassical rotational inertia and exhibits quantization of velocities, the metastability of currents depends sensitively on the strength of interactions in the gas: the stronger the interactions, the faster the current decays. It is shown that the Landau critical velocity is zero in the thermodynamic limit due to the first supercurrent state, which has zero energy and finite probability of excitation. We calculate the energy dissipation rate of ring currents in the presence of weak defects, which should be observable on experimental time scales.
Abstract We explore the quench dynamics of a two-dimensional, weakly interacting disordered Bose gas for various relative strengths of interactions and disorder. This allows us to identify two well distinct out-of-equilibrium regimes. When interactions are smaller than the disorder, the gas experiences multiple scattering and exhibits a short-range spatial coherence. At short time this coherence is only smoothly affected by interactions, via a diffusion process of the particles' energies. When interactions are larger than the disorder, scattering ceases and the gas behaves more and more like a fluid, ultimately like a superfluid at low energy. In the superfluid regime, the gas exhibits a long-range algebraic coherence, characteristic of a pre-thermal regime in disorder.
We investigate the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity in a Bose gas at zero temperature with disorder. By using the diffusion Monte Carlo method, we calculate the superfluid and the condensate fraction of the system as a function of density and strength of disorder. In the regime of weak disorder we find agreement with the analytical results obtained within the Bogoliubov model. For strong disorder the system enters an unusual regime where the superfluid fraction is smaller than the condensate fraction.
The physical properties of a homogeneous system at the thermodynamic equilibrium are strongly constrained by its dimensionality. In this respect, the two dimensional Bose gas constitutes a particularly interesting system: while it is impossible to observe a long range order at non-zero temperatures, there exists nevertheless a phase transition to a superfluid state at low temperatures. Furthermore, owing to the reduced dimensionality, the equation of state of the weakly interacting two-dimensional Bose gas is scale invariant. In this thesis, we present an experimental study of the two-dimensional Bose gas. We measure its equation of state with two different methods, and find a good agreement with analytic and numerical predictions. These results confirm as well the scale invariance of the system. Furthermore, one of the methods allows for a determination of the equation of state with a single adjustable parameter. We then characterize the superfluid response of the system., by showing evidence for a dissipationless response of the system to a moving perturbation. Finally, we analyze the fluctuations dynamics of the 2D Bose gas, which confirms both the suppression of density fluctuations in the superfluid phase, and the dominating contribution of phonons to the phase fluctuations.