arXiv:cond-mat/9811243 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

β function of the multichannel Kondo model

Kurt Fischer

Published Jun 15, 1999• 2 citations

Abstract

The $\ensuremath{\beta}$ function of the multichannel Kondo model is calculated exactly in the limit of large spin N and channel number $M=\ensuremath{\gamma}N$, with constant $\ensuremath{\gamma}$. There are no corrections in any finite order of $1/N$. One zero is found at a finite coupling strength, showing directly the non-Fermi-liquid behavior of the model. This renormalization group flow allows introduction of a variational principle for the entropy, to obtain the low-temperature thermodynamics. Thus, in particular, the low-temperature thermodynamics of the noncrossing approximation to the Kondo model becomes accessible.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.59.14845

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arXiv:cond-mat/9811243 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

β function of the multichannel Kondo model

Kurt Fischer

Published Jun 15, 1999• 2 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

The

\ensuremath{\beta}

function of the multichannel Kondo model is calculated exactly in the limit of large spin N and channel number

M=\ensuremath{\gamma}N

, with constant

\ensuremath{\gamma}

. There are no corrections in any finite order of

1/N

. One zero is found at a finite coupling strength, showing directly the non-Fermi-liquid behavior of the model. This renormalization group flow allows introduction of a variational principle for the entropy, to obtain the low-temperature thermodynamics. Thus, in particular, the low-temperature thermodynamics of the noncrossing approximation to the Kondo model becomes accessible.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.59.14845

Related papers

Overscreened multichannel SU(N) Kondo model: Large- N solution and conformal field theory

Olivier Parcollet, Antoine Georges, Gabriel Kotliar +1 more

The multichannel Kondo model with $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ spin symmetry and $\mathrm{SU}(K)$ channel symmetry is considered. The impurity spin is chosen to transform as an antisymmetric representation of $\mathrm{SU}(N),$ corresponding to a fixed number of Abrikosov fermions ${\ensuremath{\sum}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ifmmode\dagger\else\textdagger\fi{}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=Q.$ For more than one channel $(K>1),$ and all values of $N$ and $Q,$ the model displays non-Fermi behavior associated with the overscreening of the impurity spin. Universal low-temperature thermodynamic and transport properties of this non-Fermi-liquid state are computed using conformal field theory methods. A large- $N$ limit of the model is then considered, in which $K/N\ensuremath{\equiv}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Q/N\ensuremath{\equiv}{q}_{0}$ are held fixed. Spectral densities satisfy coupled integral equations in this limit, corresponding to a (time-dependent) saddle point. A low-frequency, low-temperature analysis of these equations reveals universal scaling properties in the variable $\ensuremath{\omega}/T,$ in agreement with conformal invariance. The universal scaling form is obtained analytically and used to compute the low-temperature universal properties of the model in the large- $N$ limit, such as the $T=0$ residual entropy and residual resistivity, and the critical exponents associated with the specific heat and susceptibility. The connections with the ``noncrossing approximation'' and the previous work of Cox and Ruckenstein are discussed.The multichannel Kondo model with $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ spin symmetry and $\mathrm{SU}(K)$ channel symmetry is considered. The impurity spin is chosen to transform as an antisymmetric representation of $\mathrm{SU}(N),$ corresponding to a fixed number of Abrikosov fermions ${\ensuremath{\sum}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ifmmode\dagger\else\textdagger\fi{}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=Q.$ For more than one channel $(K>1),$ and all values of $N$ and $Q,$ the model displays non-Fermi behavior associated with the overscreening of the impurity spin. Universal low-temperature thermodynamic and transport properties of this non-Fermi-liquid state are computed using conformal field theory methods. A large-$N$ limit of the model is then considered, in which $K/N\ensuremath{\equiv}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Q/N\ensuremath{\equiv}{q}_{0}$ are held fixed. Spectral densities satisfy coupled integral equations in this limit, corresponding to a (time-dependent) saddle point. A low-frequency, low-temperature analysis of these equations reveals universal scaling properties in the variable $\ensuremath{\omega}/T,$ in agreement with conformal invariance. The universal scaling form is obtained analytically and used to compute the low-temperature universal properties of the model in the large-$N$ limit, such as the $T=0$ residual entropy and residual resistivity, and the critical exponents associated with the specific heat and susceptibility. The connections with the ``noncrossing approximation'' and the previous work of Cox and Ruckenstein are discussed.

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The Kondo impurity in the large spin limit

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The Kondo problem, which describes the interaction of a spin $s$ magnetic impurity with a free Fermi gas, is a classic example of strongly coupled physics. Historically, the problem has been solved by Wilson's numerical renormalization group and later by Bethe ansatz. In this paper, we present an alternate analytic solution of the Kondo problem that combines an expansion in $1/s$ with the renormalization group. We study both the case of an impurity interacting with a single channel $K=1$ of fermions in the $s \rightarrow \infty$ limit and the case with $K$ channels in the double-scaling limit $K \rightarrow \infty$ , $s \to \infty$ , $K/s$ fixed. Our approach allows us to describe analytically intermediate scales of the Kondo problem at large $s$ and compute thermodynamic observables such as the impurity entropy and susceptibility. We find these observables to agree with the Bethe ansatz results. We also compute the impurity spectral function, finite temperature resistivity and the Kondo screening cloud profile, properties that are not easily accessible from Bethe ansatz. Notably, in the regime $K > 2s$ we access the "non-Fermi-liquid" overscreened fixed point of the multichannel Kondo problem.The Kondo problem, which describes the interaction of a spin $s$ magnetic impurity with a free Fermi gas, is a classic example of strongly coupled physics. Historically, the problem has been solved by Wilson's numerical renormalization group and later by Bethe ansatz. In this paper, we present an alternate analytic solution of the Kondo problem that combines an expansion in $1/s$ with the renormalization group. We study both the case of an impurity interacting with a single channel $K=1$ of fermions in the $s \rightarrow \infty$ limit and the case with $K$ channels in the double-scaling limit $K \rightarrow \infty$, $s \to \infty$, $K/s$ fixed. Our approach allows us to describe analytically intermediate scales of the Kondo problem at large $s$ and compute thermodynamic observables such as the impurity entropy and susceptibility. We find these observables to agree with the Bethe ansatz results. We also compute the impurity spectral function, finite temperature resistivity and the Kondo screening cloud profile, properties that are not easily accessible from Bethe ansatz. Notably, in the regime $K > 2s$ we access the "non-Fermi-liquid" overscreened fixed point of the multichannel Kondo problem.

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Ru Zheng, Rong-Qiang He, Zhong-Yi Lu

A multichannel Kondo model, where two or more equivalent but independent channels of electrons compete to screen a spin- $\frac{1}{2}$ impurity, shows overcompensation of the impurity spin, leading to the non-Fermi-liquid behavior in various thermodynamic and transport properties. However, when the channel symmetry is broken, an impurity quantum phase transition can occur at zero temperature. Identification of an order parameter describing the impurity quantum phase transition is very difficult since it is beyond the conventional Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory. By employing the natural orbitals renormalization group method, we study both two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, from the perspective of spin correlation between the impurity and electrons in electronic channels. Here we demonstrate that by introducing the spin-correlation ratio as an order parameter we can characterize impurity quantum phase transitions driven by channel asymmetry. In particular, the universal critical exponents $\ensuremath{\beta}$ of the spin-correlation ratio and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ of the correlation length are explicitly determined by finite-size-scaling analysis, namely, $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.0(1)$, and $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.5(1)$ for the two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, respectively.A multichannel Kondo model, where two or more equivalent but independent channels of electrons compete to screen a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ impurity, shows overcompensation of the impurity spin, leading to the non-Fermi-liquid behavior in various thermodynamic and transport properties. However, when the channel symmetry is broken, an impurity quantum phase transition can occur at zero temperature. Identification of an order parameter describing the impurity quantum phase transition is very difficult since it is beyond the conventional Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory. By employing the natural orbitals renormalization group method, we study both two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, from the perspective of spin correlation between the impurity and electrons in electronic channels. Here we demonstrate that by introducing the spin-correlation ratio as an order parameter we can characterize impurity quantum phase transitions driven by channel asymmetry. In particular, the universal critical exponents $\ensuremath{\beta}$ of the spin-correlation ratio and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ of the correlation length are explicitly determined by finite-size-scaling analysis, namely, $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.0(1)$, and $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.5(1)$ for the two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, respectively.

arXiv:2201.04303Physical review. B./Physical review. BJan 11, 20215 citations

Transition from Overscreening to Underscreening in the Multichannel Kondo Model: Exact Solution at Large N

Olivier Parcollet, Antoine Georges

A novel large- $N$ limit of the multichannel Kondo model is introduced, for representations of the impurity spin described by Schwinger bosons. Three cases are found, associated with underscreening, overscreening, and exact Kondo screening of the impurity. The saddle-point equations derived in this limit are reminiscent of the ``noncrossing approximation,'' but preserve the Fermi-liquid nature of the model in the exactly screened case. Several physical quantities are computed, both numerically and analytically in the low- $\ensuremath{\omega},T$ limit, and compared to other approaches.A novel large- $N$ limit of the multichannel Kondo model is introduced, for representations of the impurity spin described by Schwinger bosons. Three cases are found, associated with underscreening, overscreening, and exact Kondo screening of the impurity. The saddle-point equations derived in this limit are reminiscent of the ``noncrossing approximation,'' but preserve the Fermi-liquid nature of the model in the exactly screened case. Several physical quantities are computed, both numerically and analytically in the low- $\ensuremath{\omega},T$ limit, and compared to other approaches.

arXiv:cond-mat/9707337Physical Review LettersDec 8, 199781 citations

The

\ensuremath{\beta}

function of the multichannel Kondo model is calculated exactly in the limit of large spin N and channel number

M=\ensuremath{\gamma}N

, with constant

\ensuremath{\gamma}

. There are no corrections in any finite order of

1/N

The multichannel Kondo model with

\mathrm{SU}(N)

spin symmetry and

\mathrm{SU}(K)

channel symmetry is considered. The impurity spin is chosen to transform as an antisymmetric representation of

\mathrm{SU}(N),

corresponding to a fixed number of Abrikosov fermions ${\ensuremath{\sum}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ifmmode\dagger\else\textdagger\fi{}}{f}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=Q.$ For more than one channel

(K>1),

and all values of

N

and

Q,

the model displays non-Fermi behavior associated with the overscreening of the impurity spin. Universal low-temperature thermodynamic and transport properties of this non-Fermi-liquid state are computed using conformal field theory methods. A large-

N

limit of the model is then considered, in which $K/N\ensuremath{\equiv}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Q/N\ensuremath{\equiv}{q}_{0}$ are held fixed. Spectral densities satisfy coupled integral equations in this limit, corresponding to a (time-dependent) saddle point. A low-frequency, low-temperature analysis of these equations reveals universal scaling properties in the variable $\ensuremath{\omega}/T,$ in agreement with conformal invariance. The universal scaling form is obtained analytically and used to compute the low-temperature universal properties of the model in the large-

N

limit, such as the

T=0

residual entropy and residual resistivity, and the critical exponents associated with the specific heat and susceptibility. The connections with the ``noncrossing approximation'' and the previous work of Cox and Ruckenstein are discussed.

The Kondo problem, which describes the interaction of a spin

s

magnetic impurity with a free Fermi gas, is a classic example of strongly coupled physics. Historically, the problem has been solved by Wilson's numerical renormalization group and later by Bethe ansatz. In this paper, we present an alternate analytic solution of the Kondo problem that combines an expansion in

1/s

with the renormalization group. We study both the case of an impurity interacting with a single channel

K=1

of fermions in the

s \rightarrow \infty

limit and the case with

K

channels in the double-scaling limit

K \rightarrow \infty

s \to \infty

K/s

fixed. Our approach allows us to describe analytically intermediate scales of the Kondo problem at large

s

and compute thermodynamic observables such as the impurity entropy and susceptibility. We find these observables to agree with the Bethe ansatz results. We also compute the impurity spectral function, finite temperature resistivity and the Kondo screening cloud profile, properties that are not easily accessible from Bethe ansatz. Notably, in the regime

K > 2s

we access the "non-Fermi-liquid" overscreened fixed point of the multichannel Kondo problem.

A multichannel Kondo model, where two or more equivalent but independent channels of electrons compete to screen a spin-

\frac{1}{2}

impurity, shows overcompensation of the impurity spin, leading to the non-Fermi-liquid behavior in various thermodynamic and transport properties. However, when the channel symmetry is broken, an impurity quantum phase transition can occur at zero temperature. Identification of an order parameter describing the impurity quantum phase transition is very difficult since it is beyond the conventional Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory. By employing the natural orbitals renormalization group method, we study both two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, from the perspective of spin correlation between the impurity and electrons in electronic channels. Here we demonstrate that by introducing the spin-correlation ratio as an order parameter we can characterize impurity quantum phase transitions driven by channel asymmetry. In particular, the universal critical exponents $\ensuremath{\beta}$ of the spin-correlation ratio and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ of the correlation length are explicitly determined by finite-size-scaling analysis, namely, $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.0(1)$, and $\ensuremath{\beta}=0.10(1)$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.5(1)$ for the two-channel and three-channel Kondo models, respectively.

A novel large-

N

limit of the multichannel Kondo model is introduced, for representations of the impurity spin described by Schwinger bosons. Three cases are found, associated with underscreening, overscreening, and exact Kondo screening of the impurity. The saddle-point equations derived in this limit are reminiscent of the ``noncrossing approximation,'' but preserve the Fermi-liquid nature of the model in the exactly screened case. Several physical quantities are computed, both numerically and analytically in the low- $\ensuremath{\omega},T$ limit, and compared to other approaches.