The effect of the additional second neighbor hopping t' on the spin dynamics in the t-J model is studied within the fermion-spin theory. Although the additional second neighbor hopping t' is systematically accompanied with the reduction of the dynamical spin structure factor and susceptibility, the qualitative behaviors of the dynamical spin structure factor and susceptibility are the same as in the case of t-J model. It is also shown that the integrated dynamical spin structure factor is almost t' independent in the underdoped regime.
The two- and three-dimensional classical Heisenberg spin
XY (CHSXY) models, with the spherical coordinates of spins taken as dynamic variables, are numerically investigated. We allow the polar \ensuremath{\theta} and azimuthal $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ angles to have uniform values in $[0,\ensuremath{\pi})$ and $[\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi}),$ respectively, and the static universality class is shown to be identical to the classical
XY model with two-component spins, as well as the
CHSXY model with a different choice of dynamic variables, conventionally used in the literature. The relaxational dynamic simulation reveals that the dynamic critical exponent z is found to have the value $z\ensuremath{\approx}2.0$ for both two and three dimensions, in contrast to $z\ensuremath{\approx}d/2$
(d= spatial dimension) found previously with spin dynamics simulation of the conventional
CHSXY model. Comparisons with the usual two-component classical
XY model are also made.
Quantum measurement is a dynamical process of an apparatus coupled to a test system. Ideal measurement of the
z-component of a spin-
21 (
sz=±21) has been modeled by the Curie-Weiss model for quantum measurement. Recently, the model was generalized to higher spin and the thermodynamics was solved. Here the dynamics is considered. To this end, the dynamics for spin-
21 case are cast in general notation. The dynamics of the measurement of the
z-component of a spin-1 (
sz=0,±1) are solved in detail and evaluated numerically. Energy costs of the measurement, which are macroscopic, are evaluated. Generalization to higher spin is straightforward.