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arXiv:cond-mat/9606206 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits

You‐Quan Li, Bin Chen

Published Feb 15, 1996• 108 citations
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Abstract

A quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits in accord with the discreteness of electric charges is proposed. On the basis of the theory, the Schr\"odinger equation for the quantum LC design and L design is solved exactly. The uncertainty relation for electric charge and current is obtained and a minimum uncertainty state is solved. By introducing a gauge field, a formula for persistent current arising from magnetic flux is obtained. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.53.4027

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We firstly demonstrate the main ideas of quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits, which we proposed several years ago. In the theory, the importance of the charge discreteness in a mesoscopic electric circuit is addressed. As a further development, we discuss the mesoscopic electric circuit in the presence of linear dissipation as well as magnetic flux. We propose a quantum Kirchoff equation for the LCR circuit and discuss the oscillations for different criterion factors. We also solve the energy spectra and eigenvalues of the physical current under a soluble symmetry hypothesis.

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A quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits in accord with the discreteness of electric charges is proposed. On the basis of the theory, the Schr"odinger equation for the quantum LC design and L design is solved exactly. The uncertainty relation for electric charge and current is obtained and a minimum uncertainty state is solved. By introducing a gauge field, a formula for persistent current arising from magnetic flux is obtained. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
This talk is assumed to exhibit an overview of the quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits and some of its further developments. In the theory the importance of the discreteness of electronic charge in mesoscopic electric circuit is addressed. The mesoscopic LC-design is quantized in accord with the charge discreteness. The uncertainty relation for electric charge and current is given. Because the stationary Schrödinger equation is turned to be Mathieu equation in ppp-representation, the wave function and energy spectrum is formally solved. As further applications, the persistent current is obtained by considering the mesoscopic ring as a pure L-design. The Coulomb blockade phenomenon occurs when applying the theory to the pure C-design. Concerning the time evolution of the states for mesoscopic electric circuit, we are able to study it by the method of characteristics. In order to study the dissipative effect in the circuit, we use density-matrix formulation. In this formulation, several type of ``off diagonal'' dissipations are expected to be discussed.
The quantum theory for mesoscopic electric LC circuits with charge discreteness is briefly described. We take into account a resistance element (R) as an environment of the discrete-charge mesoscopic quantum LC circuit which is modeled by a Hamiltonian consisting of oscillators with continuous range of frequencies. Using a minimal coupling method, we investigate the quantum dynamics of this system. Hereby, the persistent current on a quantum damped L-design under the external potential source is obtained. Then, we write Heisenberg equations for a driven mesoscopic quantum RLC circuit with a dissipative term proportional to Ohmic damping and obtain persistent current on such a mesoscopic electric circuit.
The importance of discreteness of electron charge for mesoscopic electric circuit is addressed. A quantization of the circuit in accord with the discreteness of electric charges is proposed, and a Schrödinger equation in ‘charge representation’ is obtained. The Schrödinger equation is turned to be Mathieu equation in ‘current representation’, the wavefunction and energy spectrum can be solved exactly. The WKB solutions of the energy levels for the ground state and the excited states are given.
We firstly demonstrate the main ideas of quantum theory for mesoscopic electric circuits, which we proposed several years ago. In the theory, the importance of the charge discreteness in a mesoscopic electric circuit is addressed. As a further development, we discuss the mesoscopic electric circuit in the presence of linear dissipation as well as magnetic flux. We propose a quantum Kirchoff equation for the LCR circuit and discuss the oscillations for different criterion factors. We also solve the energy spectra and eigenvalues of the physical current under a soluble symmetry hypothesis.