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arXiv:cond-mat/0703160

Controllable Josephson-Like Tunneling in Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates Coupled with Microwave via Feshbach Resonance and Trapping Potential

Bo Xiong, Weiping Zhang, W. M. Liu

Published Mar 6, 2007• 0 citations
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Abstract

We put forward a scheme for controlling Josephson-like tunneling in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with microwave field via Feshbach resonance and tuning aspect ratio of trapping potential. We prove how to realize a perfect periodic oscillation from a fast damped and irregular oscillation on relative number of atoms in future experiment. In particular, intensity of Josephson-like tunneling can be successfully controlled through controlling speed of recovering the initial value of intra-atomic interaction and aspect ratio of trapping potential. Interestingly, we find that relative number of atoms represents two different types of oscillation in respond to periodic modulation of attractive intra-atomic interaction.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0703160

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We put forward a scheme for controlling Josephson-like tunneling in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with microwave field via Feshbach resonance and tuning aspect ratio of trapping potential. We prove how to realize a perfect periodic oscillation from a fast damped and irregular oscillation on relative number of atoms in future experiment. In particular, intensity of Josephson-like tunneling can be successfully controlled through controlling speed of recovering the initial value of intra-atomic interaction and aspect ratio of trapping potential. Interestingly, we find that relative number of atoms represents two different types of oscillation in respond to periodic modulation of attractive intra-atomic interaction.
This paper studies the Josephson-like tunnelling in two-component Bose–Einstein condensates coupled with microwave field, which is in respond to various attractive and repulsive atomic interaction under the various aspect ratio of trapping potential. It is very interesting to find that the dynamic of Josephson-like tunnelling can be controlled from fast damped oscillations to nondamped oscillation, and relative number of atoms changes from asymmetric occupation to symmetric occupation correspondingly.
We propose an experiment that would demonstrate nonlinear Josephson-type oscillations in the relative population of a driven, two-component Bose-Einstein condensate. An initial state is prepared in which two condensates exist in a magnetic trap, each in a different hyperfine state, where the initial populations and relative phase between condensates can be controlled within experimental uncertainty. A weak driving field is then applied, which couples the two internal states of the atom and consequently transfers atoms back and forth between condensates. We present a model of this system and investigate the effect of the mean field on the dynamical evolution.
In this letter we predict a novel second-order quantum phase transition of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with a periodically driven laser field in the resonant case. It is shown that this quantum phase transition from the normal to the tunneling phases can be controlled by the interspecies nonlinear interaction tuned via the magnetic-field–dependent Feshbach resonance technique. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that this quantum phase transition can be detected by measuring the ground-state population imbalance between two condensates.
We study the quantum coherent tunneling between two Bose-Einstein condensates separated through an oscillating trap potential. The cases of slow and rapid varying in the time trap potential are considered. In the case of a slowly varying trap, we study the nonlinear resonances and chaos in the oscillations of the relative atomic population. Using the Melnikov function approach, we find the conditions for chaotic macroscopic quantum-tunneling phenomena to exist. Criteria for the onset of chaos are also given. We find the values of frequency and modulation amplitude which lead to chaos on oscillations in the relative population, for any given damping and the nonlinear atomic interaction. In the case of a rapidly varying trap, we use the multiscale expansion method in the parameter $\ensuremath{\varepsilon}=1/\ensuremath{\Omega},$ where \ensuremath{\Omega} is the frequency of modulations, and we derive the averaged system of equations for the modes. The analysis of this system shows that new macroscopic quantum self-trapping regions, in comparison with the constant trap case, exist.
With phase space analysis approach, we investigate the self-trapping phenomenon for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a symmetric double well potential. We identify two kinds of self-trapping by their different relative phase behavior. By applying a periodic modulation on the energy bias of the system we find that the self-trapping can be controlled, in other words, the transition parameters can be adjusted effectively by the periodic modulation. Analytic expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are derived for high- and low-frequency modulations. For an intermediate-frequency modulation, we find the resonance between the periodic modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation dramatically affect the tunneling dynamics and demonstrate many phenomena. Finally, we study the effects of many-body quantum fluctuation on the self-trapping and discuss the possible experimental realization.
We study tunneling dynamics of atomic pairs in Bose-Einstein condensates with Feshbach resonances. It is shown that the tunneling of the atomic pairs depends on not only the tunneling coupling between the atomic condensate and the molecular condensate, but also the interatomic nonlinear interactions and the initial number of atoms in these condensates. It is found that in addition to oscillating tunneling current between the atomic condensate and the molecular condensate, the nonlinear atomic-pair tunneling dynamics sustains a self-locked population imbalance: a macroscopic quantum self-trapping effect. The influence of decoherence induced by noncondensate atoms on the tunneling dynamics is investigated. It is shown that decoherence suppresses atomic-pair tunneling.