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arXiv:cond-mat/0604183 · Physical Review A

Collisional relaxation of Feshbach molecules and three-body recombination in Rb87 Bose-Einstein condensates

G. Smirne, R. M. Godun, Donatella Cassettari, Vincent Boyer, Christopher J. Foot, Thomas Volz, Niels Syassen, Stephan Dürr, Gerhard Rempe, M. D. Lee, Krzysztof Góral, Thorsten Köhler

Published Feb 20, 2007• 28 citations
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Abstract

We predict the resonance-enhanced magnetic field dependence of atom-dimer relaxation and three-body recombination rates in a $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ Bose-Einstein condensate close to $1007\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}$. Our exact treatments of three-particle scattering explicitly include the dependence of the interactions on the atomic Zeeman levels. The Feshbach resonance distorts the entire diatomic energy spectrum, causing interferences in both loss phenomena. Our two independent experiments confirm the predicted recombination loss over a range of rate constants that spans four orders of magnitude.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.020702

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In experiments conducted recently at MIT on Na Bose-Einstein condensates [S. Inouye et al., Nature (London) 392, 151 (1998); J. Stenger et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2422 (1999)], large loss rates were observed when a time-varying magnetic field was used to tune a molecular Feshbach resonance state near the state of a pair of atoms in the condensate. A collisional deactivation mechanism affecting a temporarily formed molecular condensate [see V. A. Yurovsky, A. Ben-Reuven, P. S. Julienne and C. J. Williams, Phys. Rev. A 60, R765 (1999)], studied here in more detail, accounts for the results of the slow-sweep experiments. A best fit to the MIT data yields a rate coefficient for deactivating atom-molecule collisions of $1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10} {\mathrm{cm}}^{3}/\mathrm{s}.$ In the case of the fast-sweep experiment, a study is carried out of the combined effect of two competing mechanisms, the three-atom (atom-molecule) or four-atom (molecule-molecule) collisional deactivation versus a process of two-atom trap-state excitation by curve crossing [F. H. Mies, P. S. Julienne, and E. Tiesinga, Phys. Rev. A 61, 022721 (2000)]. It is shown that both mechanisms contribute to the loss comparably and nonadditively.