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arXiv:cond-mat/0412237 · Physical Review A

Dynamics of quasisolitons in degenerate fermionic gases

Emilia Witkowska, Mirosław Brewczyk

Published Aug 10, 2005• 4 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of the system of multiple bright and dark quasisolitons generated in a one-component ultracold Fermi gas via the phase imprinting technique in terms of atomic orbitals approach. In particular, we analyze the collision between two bright quasisolitons and find that quasisolitons are subject to the superposition principle.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.023606

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We investigate the dynamics of the system of multiple bright and dark quasisolitons generated in a one-component ultracold Fermi gas via the phase imprinting technique in terms of atomic orbitals approach. In particular, we analyze the collision between two bright quasisolitons and find that quasisolitons are subject to the superposition principle.
We analyze the generation of solitonlike solutions in a single-component Fermi gas of neutral atoms at zero and finite temperatures with the phase imprinting method. By using both the numerical and analytical calculations, we find the conditions when the quasisolitons, which apparently resemble the properties of solitons in nonlinear integrable equations, do exist in a noninteracting Fermi gas. We present the results for both spatially homogeneous and trapped cases, and emphasize the importance of the Fermi statistics and the absence of the interaction for the existence of such solutions.
The recent experimental realisation of Bose–Fermi superfluid mixtures of dilute ultracold atomic gases has opened new perspectives in the study of quantum many-body systems. Depending on the values of the scattering lengths and the amount of bosons and fermions, a uniform Bose–Fermi mixture is predicted to exhibit a fully mixed phase, a fully separated phase or, in addition, a purely fermionic phase coexisting with a mixed phase. The occurrence of this intermediate configuration has interesting consequences when the system is nonuniform. In this work we theoretically investigate the case of solitonic solutions of coupled Bogoliubov–de Gennes and Gross–Pitaevskii equations for the fermionic and bosonic components, respectively. We show that, in the partially separated phase, a dark soliton in Fermi superfluid is accompanied by a broad bosonic component in the soliton, forming a dark–bright soliton which keeps full spatial coherence.
We develop a model of a binary fermionic mixture, consisting of a large number of atoms, applicable at nonzero temperatures, in the normal phase. We use this approach to study the dynamics of degenerate Fermi systems under various perturbations. For example, we analyze the spin-dipole oscillations of a two-component fermionic mixture, demonstrating that the ferromagnetic phase shows up at a stronger repulsion between components while the temperature rises. We study as well the radial oscillations of weakly interacting repulsive Fermi gases. We obtain a good agreement with experimental data when available. Otherwise, we compare our results with the outcome of the Hartree-Fock orbital calculations done for a system with a small number of fermions.