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arXiv:cond-mat/0304426 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Gapless line for the anisotropic Heisenberg spin−12 chain in a magnetic field and the quantum axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising chain

Amit Dutta, Diptiman Sen

Published Mar 31, 2003• 34 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study the anisotropic Heisenberg $(\mathrm{XYZ})$ spin-1/2 chain placed in a magnetic field pointing along the x axis. We use bosonization and a renormalization group analysis to show that the model has a nontrivial fixed point at a certain value of the $\mathrm{XY}$ anisotropy a and the magnetic field h. Hence there is a line of critical points in the $(a,h)$ plane on which the system is gapless, even though the Hamiltonian has no continuous symmetry. The quantum critical line corresponds to a spin-flip transition; it separates two gapped phases in one of which the ${Z}_{2}$ symmetry of the Hamiltonian is broken. Our study has a bearing on one of the transitions of the axial next-nearest neighbor Ising chain in a transverse magnetic field. We also discuss the properties of the model when the magnetic field is increased further, in particular, the disorder line on which the ground state is a direct product of single spin states.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.67.094435

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The spin-1/2 quantum anisotropic XY\mathrm{XY}XY spin chain in a transverse random magnetic field parallel to the z axis is numerically studied by means of the density-matrix renormalization group. The dependence of the spontaneous magnetization and the energy gap on both the strength of the random magnetic field and the factor of anisotropy is determined. The critical line for the order-disorder phase transition is obtained and the resulting phase diagram is drawn. Our results are compatible with the fact that models with different factors of anisotropy fall within the same universality class as the quantum Ising model in a transverse random field.
The spin-1/2 quantum anisotropic XY spin chain in a transverse random magnetic field parallel to the z axis is numerically studied by means of the density-matrix renormalization group. The dependence of the spontaneous magnetization and the energy gap on both the strength of the random magnetic field and the factor of anisotropy is determined. The critical line for the order-disorder phase transition is obtained and the resulting phase diagram is drawn. Our results are compatible with the fact that models with different factors of anisotropy fall within the same universality class as the quantum Ising model in a transverse random field.
We have studied the antiferromagnetic Ising chain in a transverse magnetic field hx{h}_{x}hx​ and uniform longitudinal field hz.{h}_{z}.hz​. Using the density-matrix renormalization group calculation combined with a finite-size scaling the ground-state phase diagram in (hx,hz){(h}_{x}{,h}_{z})(hx​,hz​) plane is determined. It is shown that there is an order-disordered transition line in this plane and the critical properties belong to the universality class of the two-dimensional Ising model. Based on the perturbation theory in hz{h}_{z}hz​ the scaling behavior of the mass gap in the vicinity of the critical point (hx=1/2,hz=0){(h}_{x}{=1/2,h}_{z}=0)(hx​=1/2,hz​=0) is established. It is found that the form of the transition line near the classical multicritical point (hx=0,hz=1){(h}_{x}{=0,h}_{z}=1)(hx​=0,hz​=1) is linear. The connection of the considered quantum model with the quasi-one-dimensional classical Ising model in the magnetic field is discussed.
The one-dimensional spin-1/2 XXZ model in a transverse magnetic field is studied. It is shown that the field induces a gap in the spectrum of the model with the easy-plane anisotropy. Using conformal invariance, the field dependence of the gap is found at small fields. The ground state phase diagram is obtained. It contains four phases with the long-range order of different types and a disordered phase. These phases are separated by critical lines, where the gap and the long-range order vanish. Using scaling estimates, the mean-field approach, and numerical calculations in the vicinity of all critical lines, we find the critical exponents of the gap and the long-range order. It is shown that the transition line between the ordered and disordered phases belongs to the universality class of the transverse Ising model.