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arXiv:cond-mat/0209481

Composite fermions in the Fermi-Bose mixture with attractive interaction between fermions and bosons

M. Yu. Kagan, Dmitri V. Efremov, Aleksei V. Klaptsov

Published Sep 20, 2002• 1 citation
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Abstract

We consider a model of Fermi-Bose mixture with strong hard-core repulsion between particles of the same sort and attraction between particles of different sorts. In this case, besides the standard anomalous averages of the type $$; $ $ and $ $, a pairing between fermion and boson of the type $bc$ is possible. This pairing corresponds to a creation of composite fermions in the system. At low temperatures and equal densities of fermions and bosons composite fermions are further paired in quartets. Our investigations are important for high-$T_c$ superconductors and in connection with recent observation of weakly bound dimers in magnetic traps at ultralow temperatures.

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We consider a model of Fermi-Bose mixture with strong hard-core repulsion between particles of the same sort and attraction between particles of different sorts. In this case, besides the standard anomalous averages of the type $$; and , a pairing between fermion and boson of the type bcbcbc is possible. This pairing corresponds to a creation of composite fermions in the system. At low temperatures and equal densities of fermions and bosons composite fermions are further paired in quartets. Our investigations are important for high-TcT_cTc​ superconductors and in connection with recent observation of weakly bound dimers in magnetic traps at ultralow temperatures.
We consider a model of a Fermi-Bose mixture with strong hard-core repulsion between particles of the same sort and attraction between particles of different sorts. In this case, besides the standard anomalous averages of the type ⟨b⟩⟨b⟩⟨b⟩, ⟨bb⟩⟨bb⟩⟨bb⟩, and ⟨cc⟩⟨cc⟩⟨cc⟩, a pairing between fermions and bosons of the type bcbcbc is possible. This pairing corresponds to the creation of composite fermions in the system. At low temperatures and equal densities of fermions and bosons composite fermions are further paired in quartets. At higher temperatures trios, which consist of composite fermions and elementary bosons, are also present in the system. Our investigations are important in connection with the recent observation of weakly bound dimers in magnetic and optical dipole traps at ultralow temperatures and with the observation of the collapse of a Fermi gas in an attractive Fermi-Bose mixture of neutral particles.
We consider the model of a Fermi-Bose mixture with strong hard-core repulsion between particles of the same sort and attraction between particles of different sorts. In this case, in addition to the standard anomalous averages of the type 〈 b 〉, 〈 bb 〉, and 〈 cc 〉, pairing between fermions and bosons of the type 〈 bc 〉 is possible. This pairing corresponds to creation of composite fermions in the system. At low temperatures and equal densities of fermions and bosons, composite fermions are further paired into quartets. At higher temperatures, trios consisting of composite fermions and elementary bosons are also present in the system. Our investigations are important in connection with the recent observation of weakly bound dimers in magnetic and optical dipole traps at ultralow temperatures and with the observation of collapse of a Fermi gas in an attractive Fermi-Bose mixture of neutral particles.
We consider a possibility of the creation of composite fermions in optical traps and in high‐Tc superconductors. For optical traps we study a model of Fermi‐Bose mixture with resonant attraction between particles of different sorts. In this case a pairing between fermion and boson of the type bf is possible. This pairing corresponds to creation of composite fermions. At low temperatures and equal densities of fermions and bosons composite fermions are further paired in quartets. In the 2D case we exactly solve Skorniakov‐Ter‐Martirosian type of integral equations and find the binding energies of two bosons plus one fermion fbb and two bosons plus two fermions fbfb. For high‐Tc superconductors we consider a quartet — a bound state of two composite holes Δ =〈 hh 〉, where each composite hole h = fb consists of a spinon and a holon bound by the stringlike potential. Our investigations are important for recent experiments on the observation of weakly bound composite fermions and bosons in optical traps in the regime of Feshbach resonance.
We consider atomic Bose-Fermi mixtures in optical lattices and study the superfluidity of fermionic atoms due to s-wave pairing induced by boson-fermion interactions. We prove that the induced fermion-fermion coupling is always attractive if the boson-boson on-site interaction is repulsive, and predict the existence of an enhanced BEC-BCS crossover as the strength of the lattice potential is varied. We show that for direct on-site fermion-fermion repulsion, the induced attraction can give rise to superfluidity via s-wave pairing at striking variance with the case of pure systems of fermionic atoms with direct repulsive interactions.
We consider a Bose-Fermi mixture with a broad and tunable Feshbach resonance allowing to change continuously the attraction between bosons and fermions from weak to strong coupling. We set up a diagrammatic formalism which includes both the Bose-Fermi tunable attraction and the Bose-Bose repulsion at zero temperature. Remarkably, we find that for boson density smaller than or equal to the fermion density, the boson condensate fraction does not depend on the density imbalance across most of the resonance. In the limit of vanishing boson concentration, we find very good agreement with previous results for the polaron quasi-particle residue obtained in the context of strongly polarized Fermi-Fermi mixtures [1]. We calculate also the boson and fermion chemical potentials and momentum distribution functions and, when the condensate fraction vanishes, we recover the results of our previous works for the normal phase [2,3]. In addition, we calculate the effective masses and Fermi steps for the unpaired and composite fermions. We find that the Fermi step of the unpaired fermions remains pinned to the value given by the Fermi radius of a free Fermi gas across most of the resonance, in agreement with the Luttinger’s theorem [4], until molecules start to form (g≈1). The formation of molecules is signalled by the appearance of a second pole in the boson-fermion propagator, which marks the access to a regime where bosons, fermions and molecules cohexist, and by the presence of a Fermi step for the composite fermions, which is related to the density of molecules. Finally, we find quite a good agreement between our results for the condensate fraction and Quantum Monte Carlo calculations [5].
We have considered one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixture with equal densities and unequal masses using numerical density matrix renormalization group. For the mass ratio of K-Rb mixture and attraction between bosons and fermions, we determined the phase diagram. For weak boson-boson interactions, there is a direct transition between two-component Luttinger liquid and collapsed phases as the boson-fermion attraction is increased. For strong enough boson-boson interactions, we find an intermediate ``paired'' phase, which is a single-component Luttinger liquid of composite particles. We investigated correlation functions of such a ``paired'' phase, studied the stability of ``paired'' phase to density imbalance, and discussed various experimental techniques which can be used to detect it.