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arXiv:cond-mat/0205576 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Dynamical structure factors ofS =12 two-leg spin-ladder systems

Nobuyasu Haga, Sei-ichiro Suga

Published Oct 28, 2002• 12 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the dynamical properties of $S=\frac{1}{2}$ two-leg spin-ladder systems. In a strong-coupling region, an isolated mode appears in the lowest excited states, while in a weak-coupling region, an isolated mode is reduced and the lowest excited states become a lower bound of the excitation continuum. We find in the system with equal intrachain and interchain couplings that due to a cyclic four-spin interaction, the distribution of the weights for the dynamical structure factor and characteristics of the lowest excited states are strongly influenced. The dynamical properties of the two systems proposed for ${\mathrm{SrCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ are also discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.66.132415

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The properties of antiferromagnetic Heisenberg S= 1/2 ladders with two, three and four chains are expanded in the ratio of the intrachain and interchain coupling constants. A simple mapping procedure is introduced to relate the four- and two-chain ladders, which keeps to moderate values of the expansion parameters. A second-order calculation of the spin gap to the lowest triplet excitation in the two- and four-chain ladders is found to be quite accurate, even at the isotropic point where the couplings are equal. Similar expansions and mapping procedures are presented for the three-chain ladders, which are in the same universality class as single chains.
We study a weakly coupled, frustrated two-leg spin-1/2 Heisenberg ladder. For vanishing coupling between the chains, elementary excitations are deconfined, gapless spin-1/2 objects called spinons. We investigate the fate of spinons for the case of a weak interchain interaction. We show that despite a drastic change in ground state, which becomes spontaneously dimerized, spinons survive as elementary excitations but acquire a spectral gap. We furthermore determine the exact dynamical structure factor for several values of momentum transfer.
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The zero-temperature dynamical spin-spin correlation functions are calculated for the spin-12\frac{1}{2}21​ two-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladder in a magnetic field above the lower critical field Hc1{H}_{c1}Hc1​. The dynamical structure factors are calculated, which exhibit both massless modes and massive excitations. These modes appear in different sectors characterized by the parity in the rung direction and by the momentum in the direction of the chains. The structure factors have power-law singularities at the lower edges of their support. The results are also applicable to the spin-1 Heisenberg chain. The implications are briefly discussed for the various correlation functions and the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ resonance in the SO(5) symmetric ladder model.