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arXiv:cond-mat/0204553 · Physical Review Letters

Superradiance from Crystals of Molecular Nanomagnets

Eugene M. Chudnovsky, Dmitry A. Garanin

Published Sep 20, 2002• 79 citations
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Abstract

We show that crystals of molecular nanomagnets can exhibit giant magnetic relaxation due to the Dicke superradiance of electromagnetic waves. Rigorous theory is presented that combines superradiance with the Landau-Zener effect.
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.89.157201

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We study the dynamics of molecular nanomagnets through a fully quantum mechanical model describing high-spin and high-anisotropy magnetic molecules subjected to a time-dependent magnetic field along the quantization axis, which continuously inverts the population of spin states. Crystals of molecular nanomagnets placed inside a resonant cavity interact with a quantized electromagnetic field. Relaxation of excited states takes place by means of spin-photon interaction, allowing stimulated emission of radiation and creating a maser effect.
Electromagnetic radiation emanating from the molecular nanomagnet Fe8_{8}8​
Photons emitted by transition between the discrete levels of single molecular magnets might obey the elementary condition for Dicke’s super-radiance. We investigate this possibility in the Fe8 molecule where magnetization jumps are known to occur at discrete magnetic-field values. We found energy bursts each time the molecule undergoes a magnetization jump, confirming their quantum nature. A series of tests indicated that photons carry out the energy and that indeed these photons obey the elementary conditions for super-radiance.
The current theory of superradiance is described. The effect is due to interatomic correlations (phase-locking) which arise under the action of a general electromagnetic field and are determined by the competition between the electron motion anharmonicity and the interatomic dipole–dipole interaction. The latter affects significantly the nature of the superradiance effect. A common nature for the radiations from a Dicke atomic ensemble and from collective waves in a substance (for example, cyclotron waves in a magnetized plasma) is established. Superradiance manifests itself in hot magnetically confined plasmas and accounts, among other things, for anomalous heat conductivity in tokamaks.