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arXiv:cond-mat/0109248

Relaxation of the Phase in an Inhomogeneous Bose Gas

V. S. Babichenko

Published Sep 13, 2001• 0 citations
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Abstract

An effective action is obtained of a Bose gas in the bulk separated into two regions by a strong external potential depending on the single coordinate. The main attention is focused on the relaxation of the difference between phases of the weakly coupling condensates of the different bulk domains separated from each other by the external potential.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0109248

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An effective action is obtained of a Bose gas in the bulk separated into two regions by a strong external potential depending on the single coordinate. The main attention is focused on the relaxation of the difference between phases of the weakly coupling condensates of the different bulk domains separated from each other by the external potential.
We investigate the novel density distributions acquired by a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensed gas confined in a box potential, with special focus on the effects of supersolidity. Different from the case of harmonic trapping, the ground-state density reveals a strong depletion in the bulk region and an accumulation of atoms near the walls, well separated from the bulk, as a consequence of the competition between the attractive and the repulsive nature of the dipolar force. In a quasi-two-dimensional geometry characterized by cylindrical box trapping, we observe the emergence of a ringlike configuration near the boundary of the box, revealing peculiar supersolid and crystal effects in a useful range of parameters. In the case of square box trapping, the density oscillations along the edges, caused by the enhanced accumulation of atoms near the vertices, exhibit interesting analogies with the case of box-trapped quasi-one-dimensional configurations. For sufficiently large values of the atom number, the bulk region can also exhibit supersolidity, the resulting geometry reflecting the symmetry of the confining potential even for large systems.
We report direct measurements of spin transport in a trapped, partially condensed spinor Bose gas. Detailed analyses of spin flux in this out-of-equilibrium quantum gas are performed by monitoring the flow of atoms in different hyperfine spin states. The main mechanisms for motion in this system are exchange scattering and potential energy inhomogeneity, which lead to spin waves in the normal component and domain formation in the condensate. We find a large discrepancy in domain formation time scales with those predicted by potential-driven formation, indicating strong coupling of the condensate to the normal component spin wave.
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