An atom-surface interaction was detected by studying atom diffraction from a rotated material grating. A phasor diagram similar to the Cornu spiral was developed to explain why there are no missing orders in atom diffraction from material gratings. We also show that atom-surface interactions combined with rotated grating structures can produce asymmetric, i.e., blazed, diffraction patterns. Our conceptual discussion is supported by experimental observations with a sodium atom beam and silicon nitride gratings. The data are consistent with the nonretarded van der Waals interaction.An atom-surface interaction was detected by studying atom diffraction from a rotated material grating. A phasor diagram similar to the Cornu spiral was developed to explain why there are no missing orders in atom diffraction from material gratings. We also show that atom-surface interactions combined with rotated grating structures can produce asymmetric, i.e., blazed, diffraction patterns. Our conceptual discussion is supported by experimental observations with a sodium atom beam and silicon nitride gratings. The data are consistent with the nonretarded van der Waals interaction.

arXiv:physics/0312084Physical Review AOct 7, 200429 citations

Atom diffraction from magnetic gratings in the thin phase-grating approximation

Timothy J. Davis

The European Physical Journal DJun 1, 20012 citations

Atomic diffraction by light gratings with very short wavelengths

Pedro Sancho

arXiv:1306.5458The European Physical Journal DJun 1, 20130 citations

On the role of the electric dipole moment in the diffraction of biomolecules at nanomechanical gratings

Christian Knobloch, Benjamin A. Stickler, Christian Brand +6 more

We investigate effects of a permanent electric dipole moment on matter‐wave diffraction at nanomechanical gratings. Specifically, the diffraction patterns of hypericin at ultra‐thin carbonaceous diffraction masks are compared with those of a polar and a non‐polar porphyrin derivative of similar mass and de Broglie wavelength. We present a theoretical analysis of the diffraction of a rotating dipole highlighting that small local electric charges in the material mask can strongly reduce the interference visibility. We discuss the relevance of this finding for single grating diffraction and multi‐grating interferometry with biomolecules.We investigate effects of a permanent electric dipole moment on matter‐wave diffraction at nanomechanical gratings. Specifically, the diffraction patterns of hypericin at ultra‐thin carbonaceous diffraction masks are compared with those of a polar and a non‐polar porphyrin derivative of similar mass and de Broglie wavelength. We present a theoretical analysis of the diffraction of a rotating dipole highlighting that small local electric charges in the material mask can strongly reduce the interference visibility. We discuss the relevance of this finding for single grating diffraction and multi‐grating interferometry with biomolecules.

Fortschritte der PhysikSep 12, 201613 citations

Using Atomic Diffraction of Na from Material Gratings to Measure Atom-Surface Interactions

John D. Perreault, Alex D. Cronin, Tim A. Savas

In atom optics a material structure is commonly regarded as an amplitude mask for atom waves. However, atomic diffraction patterns formed using material gratings indicate that material structures also operate as phase masks. In this study a well collimated beam of sodium atoms is used to illuminate a silicon nitride grating with a period of 100 nm. During passage through the grating slots atoms acquire a phase shift due to the van der Waals interaction with the grating walls. As a result the relative intensities of the matter-wave diffraction peaks deviate from those expected for a purely absorbing grating. Thus a complex transmission function is required to explain the observed diffraction envelopes. An optics perspective to the theory of atomic diffraction from material gratings is put forth in the hopes of providing a more intuitive picture concerning the influence of the vdW potential. The van der Waals coefficient $C_{3} = 2.7\\pm 0.8{meV nm}^{3}$ is determined by fitting a modified Fresnel optical theory to the experimental data. This value of $C_{3}$ is consistent with a van der Waals interaction between atomic sodium and a silicon nitride surface.In atom optics a material structure is commonly regarded as an amplitude mask for atom waves. However, atomic diffraction patterns formed using material gratings indicate that material structures also operate as phase masks. In this study a well collimated beam of sodium atoms is used to illuminate a silicon nitride grating with a period of 100 nm. During passage through the grating slots atoms acquire a phase shift due to the van der Waals interaction with the grating walls. As a result the relative intensities of the matter-wave diffraction peaks deviate from those expected for a purely absorbing grating. Thus a complex transmission function is required to explain the observed diffraction envelopes. An optics perspective to the theory of atomic diffraction from material gratings is put forth in the hopes of providing a more intuitive picture concerning the influence of the vdW potential. The van der Waals coefficient $C_{3} = 2.7\\pm 0.8{meV nm}^{3}$ is determined by fitting a modified Fresnel optical theory to the experimental data. This value of $C_{3}$ is consistent with a van der Waals interaction between atomic sodium and a silicon nitride surface.

APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Meeting AbstractsOct 1, 20030 citations

C_{3} = 2.7\\pm 0.8{meV nm}^{3}

is determined by fitting a modified Fresnel optical theory to the experimental data. This value of

C_{3}

is consistent with a van der Waals interaction between atomic sodium and a silicon nitride surface.