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Journal of Rare Earths

Photon Cascade Emission through Energy Transfer in Pr^3＋and Er^3＋Codoped System

王笑军, 黄世华

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
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Abstract

Energy transfer processes in Pr^3+-codoped CaAl12O19crystal from 12 to 290K were studied.Energy transfer from Pr^3+toEr^3+ions in this system was observed,The transfer can partially convert the ^1S0UVfluorescence of Pr^3+into green emission of the characteristic of Er^3+,The efficiency of the energy transfer was estimated based of the spectroscopic data,The temperature dependence on the transfer was also discussed.

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Energy transfer processes in Pr^3+-codoped CaAl12O19crystal from 12 to 290K were studied.Energy transfer from Pr^3+toEr^3+ions in this system was observed,The transfer can partially convert the ^1S0UVfluorescence of Pr^3+into green emission of the characteristic of Er^3+,The efficiency of the energy transfer was estimated based of the spectroscopic data,The temperature dependence on the transfer was also discussed.
The codoping of CaF2:Pr3+ with Yb3+ or Lu3+ ions is shown to avoid the clustering of Pr3+ ions, which otherwise prevent Pr3+ doped CaF2 to be used for various photonic applications. The breaking of Pr3+ clusters by Lu3+ ions paves the way towards the development of a Pr3+ doped CaF2 visible laser. On the other hand, the formation of Pr3+-Yb3+ clusters in place of Pr3+ clusters leads to extremely efficient energy transfers between Pr3+ and Yb3+ which could be used for quantum cutting applications. Two types of clusters are observed for both types of codopings. Pr3+ to Yb3+ energy transfer analysis shows that for one of the clusters an ultrafast energy transfer takes place with a rate of 5×107 s−1, which is likely due to exchange interaction.
This report summarizes research carried out to investigate energy transfer in an activator-activator system; that is a system for which energy transfer is reversible between certain metastable levels and for which stimulated emission from each of these levels can be generated. The specific system investigated is Er-Ho:YLF. Laser operation from two different ions in the same solid state host has been demonstrated. The 750nm (5S(2) - 5I(7):Ho) and 850nm (4S(3/2) - 4I(13/2:Er) transitions were observed simultaneously and separately at 77K. Cross transfer between the S levels was also observed and the cross transfer rates measured in crystals of five different compositions. Cross transfer between the S levels is mitigated by other cross relaxation transfer schemes which quench the S level storage time of each ion. Only about 25% of the initial population of one ion is transferred to the other in the optimum concentration, 2%Ho-2%Er, at room temperature. The cross transfer rate is only weakly temperature and concentration dependent; at low temperatures cross transfer is somewhat more effective as the decay rates of each ion are longer.
The characteristics of impact excitation of the 1.54-μm emission due to intrashell transitions of 4f electrons of erbium atoms (4I13/2 →4 I15/2) doped into InP were investigated in comparison with the photoluminescence (PL) emission of the same peak from the same sample. The thermal quenching of this Er-related electroluminescence (EL) emission was found to be very small in contrast to the large thermal quenching of the PL emission. The EL emission intensity at room temperature was half that at 77 K, and the temperature dependence of the emission energy and the spectral width was very small. Due to almost temperature-independent nature of the impact excitation process, the quenching of the EL emission intensity reflected directly that of the fluorescence efficiency of this intrashell transitions of Er 4f electrons. Using this result, the temperature dependence of the PL energy transfer efficiency was also obtained. It was also found that the fine structure of the 1.54-μm emission was different between EL and PL. It was speculated that Er atoms on different lattice sites, which were in different crystal fields, were excited depending on excitation processes.
The effect of energy transfer on the VUV-to-VIS quantum cutting in Praseodymium-activated phosphors for Xe dimer luminescence lamps is discussed. From the modeling of emission process in presence of energy transfer it is inferred that the failure to observe efficient energy transfer-assisted quantum cutting in these phosphors is caused by the low efficiency of transfer with respect to the radiative de-excitation of the metastable VUV state 1So of Pr at the low Pr concentrations specific to these systems.
Stimulated emission due to the 4 I 11/2 – 4 I 13/2 transition (λ = 2.936 μ) in yttrium aluminum garnet (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ) doped with Er 3+ ions (30 wt%) was observed for the first time at 300°K. The output energy from crystals of 50 × 3 mm dimensions was 0.3 J under free-oscillation conditions and 0.05 J in the case of Q switching. The lifetime of the 4 I 11/2 level was determined for crystals with 3–30 wt% Er 3+ . The energy from the higher Er 3+ levels relaxed in a cascade manner through 4 I 11/2 to 4 I 13/2 .