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科学通报

2.5 Gbit/s物理随机码发生器

张贝贝, 王安帮, 张建中, 李璞, 王云才

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

利用光反馈半导体激光器产生的混沌激光作为物理熵源,通过光电转换、模数转换以及异或处理等手段,实验获得了码率可调谐的随机码.基于这一原理,研制出了最高码率为2.5 Gbit/s的物理随机码发生器样机.该样机能长时间稳定工作,可实时输出码率与通信速率相一致的随机码——155 Mbit/s,622 Mbit/s,1.25 Gbit/s,2.5 Gbit/s等.所产生的随机码均可通过NIST随机数测试标准,可为实现绝对安全的＂一次一密＂保密通信提供高速实时物理密钥.

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利用光反馈半导体激光器产生的混沌激光作为物理熵源,通过光电转换、模数转换以及异或处理等手段,实验获得了码率可调谐的随机码.基于这一原理,研制出了最高码率为2.5 Gbit/s的物理随机码发生器样机.该样机能长时间稳定工作,可实时输出码率与通信速率相一致的随机码——155 Mbit/s,622 Mbit/s,1.25 Gbit/s,2.5 Gbit/s等.所产生的随机码均可通过NIST随机数测试标准,可为实现绝对安全的＂一次一密＂保密通信提供高速实时物理密钥.
光纤保密通信是解决电域加解密“速率瓶颈”和光网络潜在安全威胁的一种有效途径，而实现光纤保密通信的前提是完成密码同步。为保证光纤保密通信系统成功解密，本课题组设计了一种新的全光同步方案，推导出了光纤信道传播时延差的计算公式，详细阐述了全光同步实现过程。采用OptiSystem软件分别在10 Gbit/s和40 Gbit/s加解密速率下进行了全光同步仿真实验，测试分析了密码同步状态对解密输出性能的影响，解密输出数据均与原始明文数据完全相同，而且都保持了较好的输出性能。研究结果表明，所提全光同步方案切实可行，既适用于10 Gbit/s信道速率，也适用于40 Gbit/s信道速率，既适用于常规光纤链路，也适用于经过色散补偿的光纤链路，可以有效解决光纤保密通信中的全光密码同步问题，对光纤保密通信系统的研制开发具有一定的参考价值。
针对城域网光纤通信数据传输中的安全需求，提出一种基于放大自发辐射（ASE）光的密钥隐藏与分发加密光通信系统。该系统每次随机产生一个密钥来对数据进行加密，并通过波分复用技术将密钥与数据信息同步发送给授权用户。利用动态密钥机制，降低长期密钥被量子计算破解的风险。所提系统可以在频域与时域中隐藏数据与密钥信息，确保未授权用户接收到的仅是类噪声信号，有效防范未授权访问。仿真验证结果表明，传输码率为5 Gbit/s的通断键控（OOK）信号在传输50 km后，授权用户在接收光功率为-10 dBm时能准确接收并解码信息，误码率低至2×10-7，而窃听者的误码率始终为0.5，证明了所提系统的保密性能。本研究为光子层安全提供了一种可行的解决思路，有助于提升数据传输的安全性和隐蔽性。
Chaotic light generated by optical feedback semiconductor laser is employed as entropy source. We experimentally obtain random bit sequences of different rates by using a series of processing on chaotic signals, such as photoelectric conversion, analog-digital conversion, and exclusive OR operation. Based on the principle, we develop a 2.5 Gbit/s physical random bit generator prototype which can steadily run for a long time. It can generate random bit sequence at 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s, 1.25 Gbit/s, 2.5 Gbit/s and so on, whose rates are consistent with the current communication rates. All random bit sequences with different bit rates pass all of the NIST statistical tests. The generated random bits will be used as high-speed real-time physical keys for the one-time padding secure communication.
Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors have recently been demonstrated as viable candidates for photon-counting optical receivers operating at data rates in excess of 100 Mbit/s. In this paper, we discuss techniques for extending these data rates to rates > 1 Gbit/s. We report on a recent demonstration of a 2-element nanowire detector array operating at a source data rate of 1.25 Gbit/s. We also describe techniques for emulating larger arrays of detectors using a single detector. We use these techniques to demonstrate photon-counting receiver operation at data rates from 780-Mbit/s to 2.5 Gbit/s with sensitivities ranging from 1.1 to 7.1 incident photons per bit.