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Physical Review A

Floquet-engineered dissipative stabilizer pumping in neutral-atom arrays

F. Q. Guo, Shi-Lei Su, Weibin Li, X. Q. Shao

Published Oct 13, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Autonomous stabilization of many-body quantum states requires a mechanism that continuously removes stabilizer violations without relying on measurement and feedback. Here we develop a Floquet-Lindblad framework for scalable stabilizer pumping in neutral Rydberg atom arrays. Periodically modulated Rydberg excitation selectively couples the negative-eigenvalue sector of a prescribed stabilizer to auxiliary Rydberg states, while engineered dissipation irreversibly transfers the population into the corresponding positive-eigenvalue sector and leaves the target stabilizer manifold dark. This establishes a modular pumping primitive that can be composed to autonomously stabilize general many-body stabilizer manifolds, rather than merely prepare a specific entangled state. The combination of Floquet-selective excitation and fast engineered dissipation accelerates convergence, while transient single-Rydberg excitation and suppressed real multi-Rydberg occupation reduce sensitivity to Rydberg-state loss, blackbody-radiation-induced leakage, and spatial fluctuations. We demonstrate the framework through Bell and multiqubit graph states, including parallel stabilizer pumping that reduces the convergence time for the simulated multiqubit systems. The same dissipative attraction also enables purification of imperfect resource states. These results establish Floquet-engineered stabilizer pumping as a scalable route toward autonomous quantum-state stabilization and protected entanglement generation in neutral-atom platforms.

DOI
10.1103/w4zm-hqgd

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Autonomous stabilization of many-body quantum states requires a mechanism that continuously removes stabilizer violations without relying on measurement and feedback. Here we develop a Floquet-Lindblad framework for scalable stabilizer pumping in neutral Rydberg atom arrays. Periodically modulated Rydberg excitation selectively couples the negative-eigenvalue sector of a prescribed stabilizer to auxiliary Rydberg states, while engineered dissipation irreversibly transfers the population into the corresponding positive-eigenvalue sector and leaves the target stabilizer manifold dark. This establishes a modular pumping primitive that can be composed to autonomously stabilize general many-body stabilizer manifolds, rather than merely prepare a specific entangled state. The combination of Floquet-selective excitation and fast engineered dissipation accelerates convergence, while transient single-Rydberg excitation and suppressed real multi-Rydberg occupation reduce sensitivity to Rydberg-state loss, blackbody-radiation-induced leakage, and spatial fluctuations. We demonstrate the framework through Bell and multiqubit graph states, including parallel stabilizer pumping that reduces the convergence time for the simulated multiqubit systems. The same dissipative attraction also enables purification of imperfect resource states. These results establish Floquet-engineered stabilizer pumping as a scalable route toward autonomous quantum-state stabilization and protected entanglement generation in neutral-atom platforms.
We propose a dissipative protocol for preparing nonequilibrium steady-state entanglement in neutral atom arrays within a Floquet-Lindblad framework. Stabilizer pumping is implemented through noninstantaneous kicks, where each period consists of a short resonant laser pulse followed by a detuned strong πππ pulse that couples the atomic ground state to a Rydberg state. This scheme is intrinsically fast and robust against the Doppler shifts and interatomic spatial fluctuations, as adiabatic requirements on the laser field are avoided. As such the engineered dissipation channels induce a fast decay rate, dramatically accelerating convergence toward the desired steady states. We show that this approach is inherently scalable and enables high-fidelity preparation of arbitrary multipartite graph states in the neutral atom array at zero and finite temperatures. Our study not only facilitates the preparation of resource states for measurement-based quantum computation but also provides a passive error-correction mechanism in the undergoing computation.
We propose a cooling scheme to prepare stationary entanglement of neutral atoms in the Rydberg blockade regime by the combination of periodically collective laser pumping and dissipation. In each cycle, the controlled unitary dynamics process can selectively pump atoms away from the nontarget state while keeping the target state unchanged. The subsequent dissipative process redistributes the populations of ground states through the engineered spontaneous emission. After a number of cycles, the system will eventually be stabilized into the desired steady state, independent of the initial state. This protocol does not rely on coherent addressing of individual neutral atoms or fine control of Rydberg interaction intensity, which can, in principle, greatly improve the feasibility of experiments in related fields.
Preparing correlated quantum states is essential for emerging technologies, but remains challenging in many-body systems. Here we propose a dissipative protocol that engineers nonreciprocal, energy-selective transitions to steer dipolar quantum systems toward desired many-body states. This is realized by introducing two types of controllable dissipative auxiliary atoms that act as nonreciprocal excitation and de-excitation channels, respectively, enabling a directional walk in Hilbert space. This approach enables stabilization of states across the many-body spectrum, not limited to the ground state and requiring no \textit{a priori} knowledge of the Hamiltonian. Our approach is designed for neutral atoms in dipolar Rydberg arrays, but applies broadly to setups with similar capabilities, providing a flexible and scalable framework for state preparation in programmable platforms.
Abstract We theoretically propose a protocol for coherent quantum state control in a short periodically driven Rydberg atom array. This Floquet engineering effectively suppresses the Rabi coupling and further reshapes Rydberg–Rydberg interactions, enabling precise control of Rydberg dynamics, including population trapping and blockade dynamics. This capability permits the coherent manipulation of targeted quantum states, such as the population-trapping ground state and entangled states with single or double excitations. A key finding is the robustness of these dynamics against variations in the Rydberg atom interaction, allowing for reliable control even in weak interaction regimes. Floquet spectral analysis further reveals that the stability — and eventual breakdown — of the frozen ground state is fundamentally governed by the splitting, convergence, and spacing of quasienergy levels. Moreover, a systematic analysis of parameter dependence identifies precise operational ranges for quantum state control. These results establish a practical framework for Floquet-engineered quantum manipulation, with promising prospects for quantum information processing applications.
Neutral atom systems are promising platforms for quantum simulation and computation, owing to their long coherence times. However, their intrinsically weak ground-state interactions pose a major limitation to the advancement of scalable quantum simulation and computation. To address this challenge, we propose an approach to enhancing the ground-state interaction strength of neutral atoms via Floquet modulation of a Rydberg atomic ensemble. Each Floquet period consists of ground-state coupling followed by a pulse driving the transition from the ground state to the Rydberg state. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate that after a defined evolution time, neutral atoms within Rydberg ensembles can collectively form a WWW state in the ground-state manifold. Even when the Rydberg interaction strength is far below the blockade regime, the fidelity remains remarkably high. Finally, we analyze the application of this scheme in the preparation of single-photon sources. In general, our proposed mechanism offers an efficient and highly controllable method for quantum state preparation within the Rydberg atomic ensembles, significantly enhancing the accuracy and stability of quantum state engineering while providing a well-controlled quantum environment for single-photon generation.
Neutral-atom systems are promising platforms for quantum simulation and computation, owing to their long coherence times. However, their intrinsically weak ground-state interactions pose a major limitation to the advancement of scalable quantum simulation and computation. To address this challenge, we propose an approach to enhancing the ground-state interaction strength of neutral atoms via Floquet modulation of a Rydberg atomic ensemble. Each Floquet period consists of ground-state coupling followed by a pulse driving the transition from the ground state to the Rydberg state. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate that after a defined evolution time, neutral atoms within Rydberg ensembles can collectively form a W state in the ground-state manifold. Even when the Rydberg interaction strength is far below the blockade regime, the fidelity remains remarkably high. Finally, we analyze the application of this scheme in the preparation of single-photon sources. In general, our proposed mechanism offers an efficient and highly controllable method for quantum state preparation within the Rydberg atomic ensembles, significantly enhancing the accuracy and stability of quantum state engineering while providing a well-controlled quantum environment for single-photon generation.