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Nature Photonics

Observation of multiphoton entanglement in resonance fluorescence

Xiao-Long Zhou, Jian Wang, Ze-Min Shen, Dong-Yu Huang, Si-Jian He, Qi-Yang Huang, Yi-Jia Liu, Yu-Shu Chen, Quan Jiang, Chuan‐Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo

Published Sep 24, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1038/s41566-026-02022-x

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Multiphoton emitters are a sought-after resource in quantum photonics. Nonlinear interactions between a multilevel atomic system and a coherent drive can lead to resonant two-photon emission, but harvesting light from this process has remained a challenge due to the small oscillator strengths involved. Here we present a study of two-photon resonance fluorescence at microwave frequencies, using a superconducting, ladder-type artificial atom, a transmon, strongly coupled to a waveguide. We drive the two-photon transition between the ground and second-excited states at increasingly high powers and observe a resonance fluorescence peak whose intensity becomes comparable to single-photon emission until it splits into a Mollow-like triplet. We measure photon correlations of frequency-filtered spectral lines and find that while emission at the fundamental frequency stays antibunched, the resonance fluorescence peak at the two-photon transition is superbunched. Our results provide a route towards the realization of multiphoton sources in the microwave domain.